Morphological analysis of corneal findings modifications after death: A preliminary OCT study on an animal model

Nioi, Matteo; Napoli, Pietro Emanuele; Demontis, Roberto; Locci, Emanuela; Fossarello, Maurizio; d’Aloja, Ernesto

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2018.01.013

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The tear film plays also a fundamental role in oxygenation of the cornea, especially at the central level, where its transparent architecture is devoid of vessels. If tear flow decreases, the corneal epithelium and the underlying layers progressively degenerate over time (Figure 7), as was shown in an experimental work with a portable OCT (which proved to be a reliable tool for this type of evaluation) [59][60][61]. The external surface of the corneal epithelium shows a roughness of ~ 0.5 µ m along its contour [62].…”

Section: Corneamentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Using a portable spectral-domain (SD) OCT in research setting, a progressive degeneration of the ocular surface epithelia and underlying layers can be monitored over time in absence of a physiological tear production. The structural disorganization of the ocular surface epithelia (left), or the loss of corneal epithelium (right), is noninvasively revealed by OCT imaging[59][60][61]. Reflectivity of the en-face OCT image [low intensity = dark/blue to high intensity = red].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fourier-Domain OCT Imaging of the Ocular Surface and Tear Film Dynamics: A Review of the State of the Art and an Integrative Model of the Tear Behavior during the Inter-Blink Period and Visual Fixation

Napoli

Nioi

Mangoni

et al. 2020

JCM

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In the last few decades, the ocular surface and the tear film have been noninvasively investigated in vivo, in a three-dimensional, high resolution, and real-time mode, by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Recently, OCT technology has made great strides in improving the acquisition speed and image resolution, thus increasing its impact in daily clinical practice and in the research setting. All these results have been achieved because of a transition from traditional time-domain (TD) to Fourier-domain (FD) technology. FD-OCT devices include a spectrometer in the receiver that analyzes the spectrum of reflected light on the retina or ocular surface and transforms it into information about the depth of the structures according to the Fourier principle. In this review, we summarize and provide the state-of-the-art in FD-OCT imaging of the ocular surface system, addressing specific aspects such as tear film dynamics and epithelial changes under physiologic and pathologic conditions. A theory on the dynamic nature of the tear film has been developed to explain the variations within the individual compartments. Moreover, an integrative model of tear film behavior during the inter-blink period and visual fixation is proposed.

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Section: Corneamentioning

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier-Domain OCT Imaging of the Ocular Surface and Tear Film Dynamics: A Review of the State of the Art and an Integrative Model of the Tear Behavior during the Inter-Blink Period and Visual Fixation

Napoli

Nioi

Mangoni

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Nioi et al reported cornea morphological modi cations after death using portable SD-OCT on an animal model. 22,23 Based on their report, we can speculate that local cornea thickness measurements or re ectivity on OCT could be altered by partial metabolic changes due to hypoxia after cornea damage. To prove this, prospective and experimental studies are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

An Assessment of Band Keratopathy Depth With Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography

Song

Rand

Chuck

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: To describe the anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) findings in a series of patients with band keratopathy (BK) and discuss its possible clinical utility. Methods: A retrospective review of 31 eyes from 31 consecutive patients with BK from November 2013 to October 2018. Lesion depth and central corneal thickness (CCT) were outputted from AS-OCT (RS-3000 Advance, NAVIS-EX 1.5.5 Nidek CO LTD, Japan). Results: There were 20 cases of ocular trauma, 3 cases of retinal detachment, 2 cases of glaucoma, 2 cases of uveitis, 1 case of Coats’ disease, 1 case of complicated cataract surgery, 1 case of non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage, and 1 case of unknown etiology. Mean duration of the opacity per patient history was 22.4±11.3 (range 3-40) years. 26 eyes were no light perception (NLP), 3 eyes were light perception (LP) and 2 eyes were hand motion (HM). The calcium band as seen on AS-OCT corresponded to a hyperflective layer with posterior shadowing. The median depth of calcium was 100 µm (range 55-320) and the median CCT was 623 µm (range 534-785). The calcium depth was strongly correlated with the duration of the opacity per patient history (r=0.68, p<0.001). Conclusions: AS-OCT may be utilized to assess BK depth. This depth has a wide distribution that is positively correlated with the duration of the opacity per patient history. Future studies will be required to measure BK depth across patients with less severe vision loss, test the consistency of AS-OCT measurements across different instruments, and confirm its clinical utility.

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“…As previously reported, all examinations were conducted in the same conditions of temperature (within a range of 12-22 °C) and humidity (within a range of 50-60%) 10,11 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The architecture of corneal stromal striae on optical coherence tomography and histology in an animal model and in humans

Napoli

Nioi

d’Aloja

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The purpose of this study was to use a portable optical coherence tomography (OCT) for characterization of corneal stromal striae (CSS) in an ovine animal model and human corneas with histological correlation, in order to evaluate their architectural pattern by image analysis. Forty-six eyes from female adult sheep (older than 2 years), and 12 human corneas, were included in our study. The eyes were examined in situ by a portable OCT, without enucleation. All OCT scans were performed immediately after death, and then the eyes were delivered to a qualified histology laboratory. In the ovine animal model, CSS were detected with OCT in 89.1% (41/46) of individual scans and in 93.4% (43/46) of histological slices. In human corneas, CSS were found in 58.3% (7/12) of cases. In both corneal types, CSS appeared as “V”- or “X”-shaped structures, with very similar angle values of 70.8° ± 4° on OCT images and 71° ± 4° on histological slices (p ≤ 0.01). Data analysis demonstrated an excellent degree of reproducibility and inter-rater reliability of measurements (p < 0.001). The present study demonstrated that by using a portable OCT device, CSS can be visualized in ovine and human corneas. This finding suggests their generalized presence in various mammals. The frequent observation, close to 60%, of such collagen texture in the corneal stroma, similar to a ‘truss bridge’ design, permits to presume that it plays an important structural role, aimed to distribute tensile and compressive forces in various directions, conferring resilience properties to the cornea.

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Morphological analysis of corneal findings modifications after death: A preliminary OCT study on an animal model

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Fourier-Domain OCT Imaging of the Ocular Surface and Tear Film Dynamics: A Review of the State of the Art and an Integrative Model of the Tear Behavior during the Inter-Blink Period and Visual Fixation

Fourier-Domain OCT Imaging of the Ocular Surface and Tear Film Dynamics: A Review of the State of the Art and an Integrative Model of the Tear Behavior during the Inter-Blink Period and Visual Fixation

An Assessment of Band Keratopathy Depth With Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography

The architecture of corneal stromal striae on optical coherence tomography and histology in an animal model and in humans

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