Morphological and chemical characterization of tooth enamel exposed to alkaline agents

Taube, Fabian; Ylmén, Rikard; Shchukarev, Andrei; Nietzsche, Sándor; Norén, Jörgen G.

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2009.09.006

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Due to impurities present in enamel and further contaminations on the surface, the Ca to P ratio is in the range of 1.48 ± 0.09 . Furthermore, apatites are modified by ion substitution, for instance by Na and Mg, resulting in calcium‐deficient carbonated and fluoridated hydroxyapatites with a lower Ca/P ratio . In our study, the obtained Ca to P ratio was 1.4 and 1.3 after plasma treatment (Table ), which is close to the expected value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of naturally grown human biofilm with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet: An in‐vitro study

Jablonowski

Fricke

Matthes

et al. 2016

Journal of Biophotonics

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The removal of biofilm is a prerequisite for a successful treatment of biofilm‐associated diseases. In this study, we compared the feasibility of an atmospheric pressure plasma device with a sonic powered brush to remove naturally grown supragingival biofilm from extracted teeth. Twenty‐four periodontally hopeless teeth were extracted. Argon jet plasma with an oxygen admixture of 1 vol% and a sonically driven brush were used to remove biofilm with application times of 60 s, 180 s and 300 s. The treatment efficiency was assessed with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The highest biofilm removal rate was observed after an application time of 180 s/300 s with the sonic brush (80.4%/86.2%), plasma (75.5%/89.0%). These observations were confirmed by SEM. According to XPS analysis, plasma treatment decreased the amount of carbon and nitrogen, indicative of an extensive removal of proteins. Plasma treatment of naturally grown biofilm resulted in an effective cleaning of the tooth surface and was comparable to mechanical treatment. Treatment time had a significant influence on plaque reduction. These results showed that plasma could be a useful adjuvant treatment modality in cases where biofilm removal or reduction plays a decisive role, such as periodontitis and peri‐implantitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of naturally grown human biofilm with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet: An in‐vitro study

Jablonowski

Fricke

Matthes

et al. 2016

Journal of Biophotonics

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“…Dehydration is an issue with burning, but not with the KOH treatment. Additional advantages of the KOH process include preservation of the crystallinity and that removal of the proteins occurs without oxidation of the minerals [66]. But there are recognized limitations of the KOH treatment as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the 280nm UV-VIS approach is known to have limited ability to detect low protein concentration in solution and is expected to have contributed to the absence of detected protein concentration in the first few days of treatment. Nevertheless, this technique has been used with success in a prior evaluation of enamel [66]. Future studies aimed at the importance of proteins on the properties of enamel may benefit from adopting more precise techniques for monitoring protein removal and methods for confirming the residual protein content after completion of the treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of organic proteins on the crack growth resistance of human enamel

Yahyazadehfar

Arola

2015

Acta Biomaterialia

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With only 1% protein by weight, tooth enamel is the most highly mineralized tissue in mammals. The focus of this study was to evaluate contributions of the proteins on the fracture resistance of this unique structural material. Sections of enamel were obtained from the cusps of human molars and the crack growth resistance was quantified using a conventional fracture mechanics approach with complementary finite element analysis. In selected specimens the proteins were extracted using a potassium hydroxide treatment. Removal of the proteins resulted in approximately 40% decrease in the fracture toughness with respect to the fully proteinized control. The loss of organic content was most detrimental to the extrinsic toughening mechanisms, causing over 80% reduction in their contribution to the total energy to fracture. This degradation occurred by embrittlement of the unbroken bridging ligaments and consequent reduction in the crack closure stress. Although the organic content of tooth enamel is very small, it is essential to crack growth toughening by facilitating the formation of unbroken ligaments and in fortifying their potency. Replicating functions of the organic content will be critical to the successful development of bio-inspired materials that are designed for fracture resistance.

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“…Enamel and dentin from control and experimental teeth were frozen at -30°C and then reduced to powder (see Appendix for details). A Spectrum 100 FT-IR Spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) was used to collect IR spectra from the enamel and dentin powders (Taube et al, 2010) of the bleached and non-bleached controls (see Appendix for details).…”

Section: Fourier Transform-infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1D and 1E, respectively. The peaks in these spectra (4,000-400 cm -1 ) have been assigned according to the literature (Taube et al, 2010). The phosphate content in enamel and dentin is seen in the bands at about 1,040 and 958 cm -1 , corresponding to the v3 antisymmetric PO stretching mode and the v1 symmetric stretching mode of the PO 4 -3 group, respectively, but also in the strong phosphate bands at 568 and 603 cm -1 ; phosphate bands were also observed at 470 cm -1 .…”

Section: Impact Of Vital Bleaching In Dental Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth Bleaching Increases Dentinal Protease Activity

et al. 2012

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Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidative agent commonly used for dental bleaching procedures. The structural and biochemical responses of enamel, dentin, and pulp tissues to the in vivo bleaching of human (n = 20) premolars were investigated in this study. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to observe enamel nanostructure. The chemical composition of enamel and dentin was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The enzymatic activities of dental cathepsin B and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were monitored with fluorogenic substrates. The amount of collagen in dentin was measured by emission of collagen autofluorescence with confocal fluorescence microscopy. The presence of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the pulp was evaluated with a fluorogenic 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) probe. Vital bleaching of teeth significantly altered all tested parameters: AFM images revealed a corrosion of surface enamel nanostructure; FTIR analysis showed a loss of carbonate and proteins from enamel and dentin, along with an increase in the proteolytic activity of cathepsin-B and MMPs; and there was a reduction in the autofluorescence of collagen and an increase in both cathepsin-B activity and ROS in pulp tissues. Together, these results indicate that 35% hydrogen peroxide used in clinical bleaching protocols dramatically alters the structural and biochemical properties of dental hard and soft pulp tissue.

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Morphological and chemical characterization of tooth enamel exposed to alkaline agents

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Removal of naturally grown human biofilm with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet: An in‐vitro study

Removal of naturally grown human biofilm with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet: An in‐vitro study

The role of organic proteins on the crack growth resistance of human enamel

Tooth Bleaching Increases Dentinal Protease Activity

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