Morphological and immunological characteristics of the bovine temporal lymph node and hemal node

Casteleyn, Christophe; Breugelmans, Sofie; Simoens, Paul; Broeck, Wim Van Den

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.09.010

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Several reports on the haemal nodes have shown that the sinusoids of haemal nodes contain pool of red blood cells. These observations correspond to earlier reports in caprine (Ezeasor and Singh, 1988;Choudhary et al, 2011), cattle (Cerrutti andGuerrero, 2001;Casteleyn et al, 2008) and dromedary camel (Zidan and Pabst, 2004). Our study further showed that haemal nodes varied greatly in size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These sacs could then become surrounded by aggregations of lymphoid tissues and the mesenchymal cells that surround the lymph sacs may infiltrate the structures, giving rise to a network of blood channels (Sabin, 1905). The anatomical locations of haemal nodes of pigs are comparable to the locations of haemal nodes in WAD goat (Okpe, 2001) and cattle (Bassan et al, 1999;Casteleyn et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ruminants, haemal node is widely studied and shown to be distributed along the blood vascular system. They are reported in the sub-lumbar area along the vena cava, thoracic and abdominal aorta, subcutaneous region of the head and mesenteric region along small blood vessels (Bacha and Bacha, 2000;Casteleyn et al, 2008). Although their functional significance is yet to be elucidated, several reports provide evidence that haemal node is involved in blood storage, erythrophagocytosis, erythopoiesis, platelet formation and immune functions (Ezeasor et al, 1989;Cerutti and Guerrero, 2001;Cerutti and Guerrero, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some authors believed that considerable interspecies and intra-species variations in the structure of haemal nodes could occur (Winqvist, 1954;Ezeasor and Singh, 1988;Ozaydin et al, 2012). Available information on the haemal node of pigs were based on their histological features (Udoumoh and Ezeasor, 2015) without reference to their definite anatomical locations while information on the macro and microscopic features of haemal nodes in cattle (Bassan et al, 1999;Casteleyn et al, 2008;Cerutti and Guerrero, 2008) and goats (Ezeasor and Singh, 1988;Choudhary et al, 2011;Ozaydin et al, 2012) were based on the general features of haemal nodes without emphasis on the species variations; even more, there is paucity of information on the basic gross anatomical features of haemal nodes in these species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Porcine Haemal Nodes and Morphological Variations in the Haemal Nodes of Cattle and West African Dwarf Goats

2016

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Apparently healthy, non-lactating, non-gravid adult large white pigs (15), adult cattle (10) and adult West African Dwarf (WAD) goats of either genders were used to investigate the morphology of haemal nodes using gross anatomical and histological techniques. The results demonstrated that the haemal nodes of pigs occurred in the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic regions along the course of blood vessels. The ranges of the longest diameters of the dark brown organs were 6.1 -30.3 cm in pigs, 4.1 -18.7 cm in cattle and 2.7 -8.2 cm in WAD goats. Bovine haemal nodes showed cortical and medullary parenchymal areas, with the cortex demonstrating primary and secondary lymphoid follicles in a circumferential fashion. The medulla showed blood filled medullary sinusoids and medullary cords. In WAD goat, the reticular cells and smooth muscle cells of the capsule were oriented in different directions and the subcapsular, cortical and medullary sinusoids exhibited erythrocytes in pockets. In conclusion, the present study has provided information on the distribution of haemal nodes in pigs as well as other unique morphological features of cattle and WAD goat haemal nodes that could aid their identification and suggest their roles in the body.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Porcine Haemal Nodes and Morphological Variations in the Haemal Nodes of Cattle and West African Dwarf Goats

2016

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“…Extramedullary erythropoiesis occurs in various organs, including the lungs, heart, thymus, and hemal nodes, under abnormal conditions such as acute anemia [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Induction Of Newly Discovered Hematopoietic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Experimental Anemic Model by Using a Nitrogen- Containing Bisphosphonate

Nakamura¹

2017

Ann Nutr Disord & Ther

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Anemia is a pathological condition associated with various diseases including cancer, and is indicated by a reduction in erythrocyte numbers or the amount of hemoglobin in the peripheral blood. The analysis of changes in hematopoiesis during anemia is important to develop novel therapies and to understand hematopoietic ontogeny. We previously reported that injecting animals with Nitrogen-Containing Bisphosphonate (NBP), which is an inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption, decreased erythropoiesis in Bone Marrow (BM). Moreover, we induced severe anemia in a mouse model by injecting NBP in combination with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ), and embryonic type globin mRNA was detected in both the BM and the liver in this anemia model. In addition, wine-colored capsuled structures were unexpectedly observed in the abdominal cavity of this anemic mouse model, and active erythropoiesis was also observed in these structures. Here, we review recent insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying various forms of anemia that have been gained through our findings. Keywords:Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate; Extramedullary hematopoiesis; Embryonic hemoglobin; GCSF; SDF-1 diseases [10][11][12]. We previously reported that mice injected with NBP developed decreased erythropoiesis in their BM (Figure 1) [13]. We induced severe anemia in a mouse model by injecting NBP in combination with Phenylhydrazine (PHZ), and we then analyzed the erythropoiesis and the levels of different types of hemoglobin in this model. Here, we review recent insights from the established severely Abbreviations NBP:Nitrogen-Containing

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The spleen of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens: freshwater and aestivation

et al. 2012

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We describe the structure of the spleen of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens in freshwater conditions, and after 6 months of aestivation. The spleen is formed by cortical tissue that surrounds the splenic parenchyma. The cortex is a reticulum that contains two types of granulocytes, developing and mature plasma cells, and melanomacrophage centres (MMCs). The parenchyma is divided into lobules that show a subcapsular sinus and areas of red pulp and white pulp. Red pulp contains vascular sinuses and atypical cords formed by delicate trabeculae. White pulp also contains vascular sinuses and cords. Structural data indicate that red pulp is involved in erythropoiesis, destruction of effete erythrocytes, and plasma cell differentiation. White pulp appears to be involved in the production of immune responses. Macrophages and sinus endothelial cells constitute the reticulo-endothelial system of the spleen. After aestivation, the number of MMCs increases, and spleen tissue is infiltrated by lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes. Also, white pulp is reduced, and sinus endothelial cells undergo vacuolar degeneration. Lungfish spleen shares structural characteristics with secondary lymphoid organs of both ectothermic and endothermic vertebrates, but appears to have evolved in unique ways.

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Morphological and immunological characteristics of the bovine temporal lymph node and hemal node

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Distribution of Porcine Haemal Nodes and Morphological Variations in the Haemal Nodes of Cattle and West African Dwarf Goats

Distribution of Porcine Haemal Nodes and Morphological Variations in the Haemal Nodes of Cattle and West African Dwarf Goats

New Experimental Anemic Model by Using a Nitrogen- Containing Bisphosphonate

The spleen of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens: freshwater and aestivation

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