Morphological and Molecular Characterizations of Musa (ABB) ‘Mali-Ong’ in Thailand

Abstract

Musa (ABB) ‘Mali-Ong’ is an economically important banana cultivar in Thailand. We morphologically and molecularly characterized ‘Nam Wa Mali-Ong’. Leaf blade width was the only statistically different morphological character among the clones. To determine genetic variation, nine ‘Nam Wa Mali-Ong’ clones were compared with 10 samples of Musa ABB, AA, and BB cultivars by fingerprinting using seven pairs of sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and eight inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The SRAP and ISSR primers generated 65 and 76 amplicons, respectively, of which 57 (87.7%) and 62 (81.6%) amplicons, respectively, were polymorphic; the polymorphic information content was 0.28–0.49. The SRAP data revealed two distinct groups: Group I, comprising two subgroups (one including all ABB samples and the other containing the BB genome accessions), and Group II, comprising the AA genome accessions. The ISSR data revealed two groups: Group I, which incorporated the AA (Hom Champa) genome, and Group II, consisting of two subgroups: Subgroup A, comprising only the AA (Hom Chan) accessions, and subgroup B, comprising all the ABB accessions and wild banana M. balbisiana (BB genome). The ‘Nam Wa Mali-Ong’ samples clustered together, regardless of the markers used. SRAP and ISSR markers will be useful for germplasm evaluation and future Musa (ABB) improvements.

The Genetic Homogeneity of Uganda’s East African Highland Bananas (Mutika/Lujugira) Does Not Match the Extensive Morphological Variation Identified in this Subgroup

“…The only study that showed within-group variation in the AAA Cavendish bananas was reported by Ermini et al (2018) [34]. On the contrary, as expected, greater genetic diversity has been described for studies that used a mixed group of species or subgroups of bananas [6,10,29,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Study on Rachis Characters of Different Cultivars of Banana

“…The ovary shape was curved, the basic color was yellow, the style was straight, and the stigma was yellow. The arrangement of the ovules was four-rowed [9]. Table 2 present the rachis and male bud parameters of different cultivar under the AAB genomic group.…”

Molecular evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships of Musa cultivars in Thailand using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers

“…This also holds accuracy for Musa cultivars. The molecular markers can be attempted for their utility in cultivar diversity and revealing genetic resemblance (Lamare and Rao 2015;Hinge et al 2022;Premjet et al 2022).…”

“…Commonly, the cultivated bananas and plantains are grouped according to ploidy and the relative evaluation of wild species Musa acuminata (A genome) and Musa balbisiana (B genome) in their genome (Christelová et al 2017). They have contributed ten genomic combinations in different ploidy levels (AA, BB, AB, AAA, AAB, ABB, AAAA, AAAB, AABB, and ABBB) (Davey et al 2013;Premjet et al 2022). The present-day classification of Musa cultivars has usually been based upon several morphological, phenological, and floral criteria and ploidy level combinations.…”

“…Presently, the ability to evaluate genetic diversity and the relationships within and between populations using molecular markers has resulted from the rapid development of molecular genetics, and molecular markers have been extensively applied in the assessment of genetic diversity, particularly in Musa cultivars (Rotchanapreeda et al 2016;Swain et al 2016;Chang et al 2017;Silva et al 2017;Arora et al 2018;Bawin et al 2019;Santos et al 2019;Marimuthu et al 2019;Wanvisait et al 2019;Boonsrangsom et al 2020;Saraswathi et al 2020;Wahyudi and Rifliyah 2020;Carracedo et al 2021, González et al 2021Mertens et al 2021). Recently, many new marker techniques have been developed in line with the rapid growth of Musa genomic research (Wahyudi et al 2022;Dehery et al 2022;Premjet et al 2022). Among novel DNA-based molecular fingerprints, start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism has been presented as a gene-targeted molecular marker classification primarily diverse from random DNA markers, and it normally relies on the short conserved nucleotide region adjacent to the ATG initiation codon of plant genes (Collard and Mackill 2009;Rittirongsakul et al 2020).…”