Morphological and physiological responses of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to drought stress and dust pollution

Abstract

Dust pollution can negatively affect plant productivity in hot, dry areas with high insolation during summer. To understand the effect of water-deficit and its interaction with dust pollution on vegetative and physiological changes in grapevine ʻBidaneh Sefidʼ, two-year-old plants were subjected to drought stress (-0.1 and -1 MPa) and dust treatment in a greenhouse during 2013 and 2014. The results showed that dust had a significant negative effect on the number of leaves, shoot length, root and shoot dry weights, and total dry weight under both drought and well-irrigated conditions. Dust, when applied in combination with drought, caused severe growth reduction. Leaf relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) were reduced under dust and drought stress, while soluble carbohydrate, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H 2 O 2 concentrations increased. Furthermore, dust application resulted in characteristics similar to those induced by water-deficit stress and intensified vegetative and physiological changes when applied together. Dust and drought treatments increased peroxidases and ascorbate peroxidase activities when compared to the control. The results indicate that dust has an adverse effect on the growth and physiology of grapevine and plays a negative role in the response of grapevine to drought stress.Ke y wor d s: antioxidant enzymes, drought, dust, growth, lipid peroxidation

Application of Fractions of Crop Evapotranspiration Affects Carbon Partitioning of Grapevine Differentially in a Hot Climate

“…Diminution of root growth under water stress has been related to the loss of cell turgor and increased penetration resistance of dried soils ( Bengough et al, 2011 ). In addition, a recent study suggested that the loss of leaves could decrease the supply of carbohydrates and/or growth hormones to meristematic regions, thereby inhibiting growth ( Karami et al, 2017 ). In accordance with previous studies, severe water deficits led to lower shoot to root ratio because root growth is generally less affected than shoot growth in drought-stressed grapevines ( Karami et al, 2017 ).…”

“…In addition, a recent study suggested that the loss of leaves could decrease the supply of carbohydrates and/or growth hormones to meristematic regions, thereby inhibiting growth ( Karami et al, 2017 ). In accordance with previous studies, severe water deficits led to lower shoot to root ratio because root growth is generally less affected than shoot growth in drought-stressed grapevines ( Karami et al, 2017 ). Given that grapevine vegetative growth occurs soon after bud break in springtime, our results corroborated the crucial role of water availability during that period on vine development, physiological performance, and yield components reported in previous studies ( Munitz et al, 2020 ).…”

Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis of Tree Peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC.) in Response to Drought Stress

“…The leaf is an important organ that consumes water, and its changes under different water supply conditions show the importance of maintaining the water balance in plants [28]. These phenomena are broadly reported, and acutely described in studies on grapevine [29] and wheat [30]. Therefore, P. ostii may reduce leaf water dispersion loss by reducing the light-receiving area or the early leaf fall time, so as to resist the drought.…”

Impact of dust accumulation on yield and yield components of soybean

“…In this study, dust resulted in a significant decrease in yield and yield components of soybean compared with the control. Previous studies have shown that dust pollution resulted in a yield loss in cotton (Abdullaev & Sokolik, 2020), potato (Tomar et al, 2018), black gram (Phaseolus mungo L.) (Babu et al, 2018), rice (Sett, 2017;Sharma & Kumar, 2016), and grapevine (Karami et al, 2017). Hatami et al (2018) studied the effects of desert dust on yield and yield components of cowpea and found that exposure to desert dust significantly decreased biological yield and seed yield of cowpea by 28.3 % and 25.6 %, respectively, compared with normal conditions.…”

“…; Calotropis procera R. Br. (Sarkar et al, 1986), and grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) (Karami et al, 2017).…”