Morphological changes in the hippocampus of the rat brain in ischemia and in conditions of combined preconditioning

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Preconditioning is an effective method of increasing the body's resistance to hypoxia/ischemia.
 AIM: The aim is to evaluate morphological changes in the most hypoxia-sensitive fields of the hippocampus CA1 and CA3 in cerebral ischemia in rats and under conditions of combined preconditioning.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cerebral ischemia was simulated in rats under anesthesia (8% chloral hydrate solution 400 mg/kg) by bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries. The combined preconditioning method (CPreC) included the alternate use of two preconditional factors – pharmacological (amtisol at a dose of 25 mg /kg) and hypoxic (hypobaric hypoxia, 410 mmHg, exposure time 60 min). Morphometric assessment of brain damage was performed a day after modeling ischemia in the CA1 and CA3 fields of the hippocampus.
 RESULTS. KPreK has a positive effect on the morphometric parameters of the brain during its ischemia, increasing the survival of neurons in the early and late periods of ischemia modeling, preventing the formation of necrotically and apoptotically altered neurons, hyperactivation of microglial cells and contributing to the preservation of endotheliocytes. 
 CONCLUSION. KPreK (amtisol + hypobaric hypoxia) has a neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia.