Morphological Characteristics of European Slalom Canoe and Kayak Paddlers

Coufalová, Klára; Bušta, Jan; Cochrane, Darryl James; Bílý, Milan

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022021000300896

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Anthropometric parameters are well known in canoe slalom (Ridge et al, 2007) where there are no significant differences between C1 and K1 category (Coufalová et al, 2021). However, differences in strength-related anthropometric parameters between the highest-performance international paddlers and other international paddlers in canoe slalom are still unclear, further it is unknown if differences exist in hand-grip strength within an elite group of paddlers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength and Strength-Related Anthropometric Parameters of the International Level Canoe Slalom Male Paddlers

2022

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The aim of the study was to determine the differences in hand-grip strength and strength-related anthropometric parameters between the highest-performance international paddlers (HILP) and other international paddlers (ILP) in canoe slalom. In male competitors (n=48; 23 canoeists and 25 kayakers) who took part in the 2018 European championship event in canoe slalom in Prague, Czech Republic representing 15 European countries were measured hand-grip strength and strength-related anthropometric parameters two days prior the event. Differences between the group of HILP (medallists from Olympic Games, world championship and European championship in the previous three years and European championship finalists at the same time) and ILP were found. HILP have significantly higher forearm, arm and chest girths than ILP. Moderate or high practical differences and margin statistic differences were found also for hand-grip strength, body weight, body mass index and age. The consistently high-performing paddlers are heavier, have more muscular upper body and are stronger than the other group, while keeping their lower body lean. Therefore, regular upper-body strength training to all canoe slalom paddlers is important but caution is required because body weight over 80 kg may be a limiting factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength and Strength-Related Anthropometric Parameters of the International Level Canoe Slalom Male Paddlers

2022

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“…Therefore, it is not surprising that significant factors in canoe slalom are body size (body measurements and proportions) and body composition ( Messias et al, 2021 ). The elite male athletes are, on average, tall; their body weight is approximately 75 kg and only rarely exceeds 80 kg ( Coufalová et al, 2021 ). They have very well-developed musculature in the trunk and upper limbs, a low body fat percentage, and low muscle volume in the lower limbs ( Busta et al, 2018a ; Coufalová et al, 2021 ; Busta et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elite male athletes are, on average, tall; their body weight is approximately 75 kg and only rarely exceeds 80 kg ( Coufalová et al, 2021 ). They have very well-developed musculature in the trunk and upper limbs, a low body fat percentage, and low muscle volume in the lower limbs ( Busta et al, 2018a ; Coufalová et al, 2021 ; Busta et al, 2022 ). We conclude that anthropometric parameters are very well-studied in men: we know the differences between C1 and K1 paddlers ( Coufalová et al, 2021 ) and also between the highest international performance-level paddlers (including only Olympic and World Championship medalists) and international performance-level paddlers (including remaining World Cup racers) ( Busta et al, 2022 ), national team competitors and other competitors ( Busta et al, 2018b ), or junior and senior paddlers ( Busta and Suchý, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have very well-developed musculature in the trunk and upper limbs, a low body fat percentage, and low muscle volume in the lower limbs ( Busta et al, 2018a ; Coufalová et al, 2021 ; Busta et al, 2022 ). We conclude that anthropometric parameters are very well-studied in men: we know the differences between C1 and K1 paddlers ( Coufalová et al, 2021 ) and also between the highest international performance-level paddlers (including only Olympic and World Championship medalists) and international performance-level paddlers (including remaining World Cup racers) ( Busta et al, 2022 ), national team competitors and other competitors ( Busta et al, 2018b ), or junior and senior paddlers ( Busta and Suchý, 2016 ). Moreover, we know that the upper-limb strength, which is well represented by the handgrip test ( ACSM, 2014 ), is significantly higher in the world’s most successful athletes compared to other international-level athletes ( Busta et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not well-known how different the top performance-level athletes are in terms of body size and body composition because most studies focus on men ( Akca and Muniorglu, 2008 ; Bily et al, 2011 ; Vedat, 2012 ; Gao and Zhu, 2023 ). Studies including women do not usually have a research sample of sufficient size ( Krawczyk and Majle, 1994 ; Coufalová et al, 2021 ), are older, and do not involve the C1 category ( Ridge et al, 2007 ); participants are not of adult age ( Alacid et al, 2012 ; Okun et al, 2020 ); or performance groups are not compared. Women, in general, have been neglected in research related to canoeing disciplines, which causes the training regimen not to be based on evidence; hence, this study focuses on female athletes only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body morphology and handgrip strength parameters of the female canoe slalom paddlers

Busta,

Hellebrand,

Kinkorová

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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Introduction: Canoe slalom is a physically very demanding discipline, in which body constitution, body composition, and relative strength are significant factors in high performance. Although anthropometric and strength parameters are relatively well-studied in male athletes, there is a lack of evidence for any conclusions in women. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the morphology and upper-limb strength parameters of female canoe slalom paddlers and identify whether morphological differences exist between performance groups.Methods: Altogether, 63 female competitors of the 2023 ICF Canoe Slalom World Cup (n = 29) and 2023 ICF Canoe Slalom World Ranking Competition (n = 34) in Prague (Czech Republic) were examined with a battery of anthropometric tests, segmental bioimpedance analysis, and handgrip strength test. The athletes were divided into groups according to age and performance: elite athletes belonging to the world top 10 according to the ICF World Ranking (WORLD, n = 7), international-level athletes competing during the World Cup (ELITE, n = 22), international-level junior athletes competing in the World Ranking Race (JUNIOR, n = 17), and other lower performance-level athletes competing in the World Ranking Race (REST, n = 17).Results: Female slalom paddlers are, in general, of average body height (∼165 cm), lower body mass (∼60 kg), BMI (∼22 kg/m2), and body fat (∼20%) and without exceptional anthropometric dimensions and proportions. However, differences were detected when performance was factored in. Female paddlers belonging to the world TOP 10 have the largest circumferences of arms and forearms, and their somatotype is more mesomorphic, with a lower proportion of total body fat and a higher proportion of muscle mass. In addition, the WORLD group differs significantly in upper-limb strength.Discussion: The results shows the significance of muscular strength and power for canoe slalom athletes and the importance of well-developed musculature in operating the boat in the unstable environment. Being a successful female canoe slalom athlete requires a well-developed musculature, maximizing strength capabilities while maintaining a low body weight through limited hypertrophy of the lower limbs and a low level of body fat.

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Somatotype Characteristics of Indian National Canoeists and Kayakers

Chakrabarti¹,

Adhikari²

2023

ijok

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Introduction: Performance in Canoeing and Kayaking depends upon different factors and Somatotype is one of the most important factors of these. The present study aimed to find out the somatotype of Indian national level Canoeists and Kayakers who participated in International and National level competitions. Methods: 27 national level Canoeists and Kayakers were studied for their Somatotype. All subjects were selected from different water sports training centers across the country. Out of 27 athletes, 11 were male athletes (seven Canoeists and four Kayakers) and 16 were female athletes (6 Canoeists and 10 Kayakers). Heath-Carter method (1967) was followed for Somatotyping. Results: Average somatotype of 3.4(±0.9)-5.0(±0.8)-3.4(±2.1) was observed for the male Canoeists and Kayakers whereas that of females was 5.9(±1.6)-4.7(±1.1)-2.0(±1.1). Thus, the male Indian National Canoeists and Kayakers were with Balanced mesomorph somatotype on average whereas the female counterparts were Mesomorphic endomorph. The average muscularity of both male and female Canoeists and Kayakers was moderate. Conclusions: Ectomorphic mesomorph somatotype is the ideal body type for a sportsman in Water sports. Besides Somatotype characteristics, the muscularity of an athlete represents muscular strength which is an important factor for good performance in water sports and generates the required energy for paddling. Moderate muscularity of both male and female Indian Canoeists and Kayakers could hinder good performance in international arenas like the Olympics and Commonwealth Games. Thus Indian Canoeists and Kayakers should improve their muscularity with proper training and nutrition.

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Morphological Characteristics of European Slalom Canoe and Kayak Paddlers

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Strength and Strength-Related Anthropometric Parameters of the International Level Canoe Slalom Male Paddlers

Strength and Strength-Related Anthropometric Parameters of the International Level Canoe Slalom Male Paddlers

Body morphology and handgrip strength parameters of the female canoe slalom paddlers

Somatotype Characteristics of Indian National Canoeists and Kayakers

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