Morphological Divergence in Endemic Gastropods from Lake Tanganyika: Implications for Models of Species Flock Formation

Johnston, Mark R.; Cohen, Andrew S.

doi:10.2307/3514613

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This conclusion, as anticipated and discussed earlier for freshwater Cerithioidea in general and Lake Tanganyika paludomids in particular (Glaubrecht, 1996, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2006; Strong & Glaubrecht, 2002, 2007; Köhler et al. , 2004), is in contrast to long‐held assumptions as to the role of viviparity in the evolution of freshwater gastropods (Boss, 1978; Cohen & Johnston, 1987; Johnston & Cohen, 1987; Coulter, 1991; Michel et al. , 1992; Michel, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Ancestry to an endemic radiation in Lake Tanganyika? Evolution of the viviparous gastropod Potadomoides Leloup, 1953 in the Congo River system (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Glaubrecht

Strong

2007

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Providing another spectacular model for understanding speciation and radiation, the origin of the gastropod species flock in Lake Tanganyika (with an estimated age of approximately 12 Myr) remained enigmatic to date. Although, for a long time, an in situ radiation was assumed, Lake Tanganyika could have functioned as a reservoir for ancient African lineages, implying that the now lacustrine taxa originiated elsewhere. However, the fluviatile gastropod fauna of adjacent river systems in Central and East Africa is only poorly known. Here, we provide conchological, anatomical, phylogenetical, and biogeographical data on the fluviatile genus Potadomoides Leloup, 1953, which was hitherto regarded as ancestral to the entire Tanganyika gastropod radiation. The type species Potadomoides pelseneeri is restricted to the delta region of the Malagarasi River east of Lake Tanganyika, whereas three congeneric species (Potadomoides bequaerti, Potadomoides hirta, and Potadomoides schoutedeni) inhabit the Congo River with its tributaries Lualaba and Luvua, west of the Tanganyikan Rift. We describe and document, with scanning electron microscopy, the ontogenetic development of embryos of this uterine brooder as well as the detailed reproductive anatomy. Phylogenetic analysis of 44 morphological characters (including adult and embryonic shell, operculum, radula, reproductive tract) for 15 paludomid taxa could not support monophyly of the Tanganyika species flock. Instead, we found two major lineages that colonized Lake Tanganyika independently, one comprising the Nassopsinae Kesteven, 1903 (= Lavigeriinae Thiele, 1925 with the riverine Potadomoides plus the lacustrine Lavigeria and Vinundu, the second comprising the riverine Cleopatra together with the rest of the lacustrine species (except for Tiphobia horei). The analysis identifies Potadomoides as paraphyletic, with the uterine brooder P. pelseneeri being the sister taxon to the uterine brooder Lavigeria plus the oviparous Vinundu, but not to the entire Tanganyika species flock. We reconstruct the independent evolution of an fluviolacustrine taxon Nassopsinae for which we evaluate the synapomorphic characters, in particular those of reproductive biology, and discuss systematic and evolutionary implications of repeated origin of (ovo-)viviparity in these limnic Cerithioidea. Finally, we outline a hypothesis on the evolutionary history of Potadomoides in the context of the gastropod radiation in Lake Tanganyika.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Ancestry to an endemic radiation in Lake Tanganyika? Evolution of the viviparous gastropod Potadomoides Leloup, 1953 in the Congo River system (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Glaubrecht

Strong

2007

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…Cunnington 1920; Brooks 1950; Boss 1978; Michel et al . 1992), less well explored are intrinsic factors (Cohen and Johnston 1987; Johnston and Cohen 1987; Michel 1994) that may have been influential. This is a consequence of the fact that much of the basic biology of these species remains unknown – a vital prerequisite for testing competing hypotheses about biological factors within the context of the development of the basin over the past 20 million years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and systematic affinity ofStanleya neritinoides(Smith, 1880), an enigmatic member of the thalassoid gastropod species flock in Lake Tanganyika, East Africa (Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Strong

Glaubrecht²

2003

Acta Zoologica

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The radiation of gastropods in Lake Tanganyika is an ideal system for testing competing hypotheses of species flock formation. Yet, much of the basic biology of these species remains unknown. In an ongoing effort to understand the evolution of Tanganyikan gastropods, we here describe Stanleya neritinoides. Alcohol‐preserved material of the soft parts is rare, consequently, the systematic position of the species, and a repeated suggested affinity to Tanganyicia rufofilosa, have been based primarily on features of the shell. However, features of the radula and operculum are unique and do not suggest an affinity to any other Tanganyikan species. Thus, S. neritinoides has remained a particularly poorly known and enigmatic member of the species flock. This investigation confirmed that several aspects of internal and external anatomy are shared between S. neritinoides, T. rufofilosa, and other Tanganyikan gastropods, but that S. neritinoides is unique in features of the radula and seminal receptacle. Moreover, S. neritinoides differs from T. rufofilosa in features of the foregut, midgut, hindgut, kidney, nervous system, reproductive system and reproductive strategy. These new data are inconsistent with an interpretation of identity of Stanleya and Tanganyicia. In addition, given the pervasive differences between the two, a sister‐group relationship between the two is unlikely. More precise systematic placement of S. neritinoides awaits the establishment of a phylogenetic framework for all Tanganyikan gastropods.

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“…One intrinsic factor considered important in the diversification of endemic Lake Tanganyika gastropods is a viviparous reproductive mode (Boss 1978; Cohen & Johnston 1987; Johnston & Cohen 1987; Michel 1994). In this context, one of the most intriguing species is the viviparous Tanganyicia rufofilosa (Smith 1 880).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for convergent evolution of brooding in a unique gastropod from Lake Tanganyika: anatomy and affinity ofTanganyicia rufofilosa(Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Strong¹,

Glaubrecht²

2002

Zoologica Scripta

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Tanganyicia rufofilosa is an enigmatic gastropod endemic to Lake Tanganyika and unique among lake species in possessing a brood pouch within the head‐foot. However, the only existing anatomic studies of the species are incomplete. Hence, the affinity of this species to other Tanganyikan gastropods and the evolution of viviparity among limnic Cerithioidea are unclear. The anatomic redescription and reinterpretation of reproductive homologies presented here revealed several features from the midgut and kidney that are informative concerning the phylogeny of Lake Tanganyika gastropods. In addition, the complex reproductive anatomy of both sexes is described. A rare accessory gland is present in males that is hypothesized to function in spermatophore formation and to be homologous to the ‘penis’ of some cerithioideans, an otherwise predominantly aphallic group. The structurally unique brood pouch, restricted to the mesopodial portion of the foot, is described and demonstrated to be unknown among viviparous cerithioideans. In contrast to the view that the cerithioideans of Lake Tanganyika represent an endemic radiation of Thiaridae, based on these new data T. rufofilosa appears to be allied to the Paludomidae.

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Morphological Divergence in Endemic Gastropods from Lake Tanganyika: Implications for Models of Species Flock Formation

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Ancestry to an endemic radiation in Lake Tanganyika? Evolution of the viviparous gastropod Potadomoides Leloup, 1953 in the Congo River system (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Ancestry to an endemic radiation in Lake Tanganyika? Evolution of the viviparous gastropod Potadomoides Leloup, 1953 in the Congo River system (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Anatomy and systematic affinity ofStanleya neritinoides(Smith, 1880), an enigmatic member of the thalassoid gastropod species flock in Lake Tanganyika, East Africa (Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

Evidence for convergent evolution of brooding in a unique gastropod from Lake Tanganyika: anatomy and affinity ofTanganyicia rufofilosa(Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)

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