Morphological, Mechanical, and Thermal Characterization of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Cellulose Multifilament Fibers Prepared by Melt Spinning

Aouat, Tassadit; Kaci, Mustapha; Devaux, Éric; Campagne, Christine; Cayla, Aurélie; Dumazert, Loïc; Lopez‐Cuesta, José‐Marie

doi:10.1002/adv.21779

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This was attributed to the improved compatibility observed between PLA and C-6 modified CNCs. PLA-grafted maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) as compatibilizer for CNCs/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and PLA in the fabrication of PLA composite fibers, was recently reported by Aouat et al [83]. It was reported that small aggregations of CNCs were visible on the PLA/PLA-g-MA/CNC (1 wt %) surface, which became more pronounced in PLA/PLA- g -MA/MCC (1 wt %).…”

Section: Composites Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Processing of PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

et al. 2018

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Over the past decades, research has escalated on the use of polylactic acid (PLA) as a replacement for petroleum-based polymers. This is due to its valuable properties, such as renewability, biodegradability, biocompatibility and good thermomechanical properties. Despite possessing good mechanical properties comparable to conventional petroleum-based polymers, PLA suffers from some shortcomings such as low thermal resistance, heat distortion temperature and rate of crystallization, thus different fillers have been used to overcome these limitations. In the framework of environmentally friendly processes and products, there has been growing interest on the use of cellulose nanomaterials viz. cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and nanofibers (CNF) as natural fillers for PLA towards advanced applications other than short-term packaging and biomedical. Cellulosic nanomaterials are renewable in nature, biodegradable, eco-friendly and they possess high strength and stiffness. In the case of eco-friendly processes, various conventional processing techniques, such as melt extrusion, melt-spinning, and compression molding, have been used to produce PLA composites. This review addresses the critical factors in the manufacturing of PLA-cellulosic nanomaterials by using conventional techniques and recent advances needed to promote and improve the dispersion of the cellulosic nanomaterials. Different aspects, including morphology, mechanical behavior and thermal properties, as well as comparisons of CNC- and CNF-reinforced PLA, are also discussed.

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Section: Composites Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Processing of PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

et al. 2018

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“…PLA-grafted maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) as compatibilizer for CNCs/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and PLA in the fabrication of PLA composite fibers, was recently reported by Aouat, et al [63]. It was reported that small aggregations of CNCs were visible on the PLA/PLA-g-MA/CNC (1wt%) surface, which became more pronounced in PLA/PLA-g-MA/MCC (1wt%).…”

Section: Melt Spinningmentioning

confidence: 93%

Processing of Thermoplastic PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

Mokhena¹,

Sefadi²,

Sadiku³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Over the past decades, research has escalated on the use of polylactic acid (PLA) as replacement for petroleum-based polymers. This is due to its valuable properties, such as renewability, biodegradability, biocompatibility and good thermomechanical properties. Despite possessing good mechanical properties comparable to conventional petroleum-based polymers, PLA suffers from some shortcomings such as low thermal resistance, heat distortion temperature and rate of crystallization, thus different fillers have been used to overcome these limitations. In the frame work of environmentally friendly processes and products, there has been growing interest on the use of cellulose nanomaterials viz. cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and nanofibers (CNF) as natural fillers for PLA towards advanced applications other than short-term packaging and biomedical. Cellulosic nanomaterials are renewable in nature, biodegradable, eco-friendless and they possess high strength and stiffness. In the case of eco-friendly processes, various conventional processing techniques, such as melt extrusion, melt-spinning, and compression moulding, have been used to produce PLA composites. This review addresses the critical factors in the manufacturing of PLA-cellulosic nanomaterials by using conventional techniques and recent advances needed to promote and improve the dispersion of the cellulosic nanomaterials. Different aspects, including morphology, mechanical behavior and thermal properties, as well as comparisons of CNC- and CNF reinforced PLA, are also discussed

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“…Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich under the trade name Avicel PH 101. MCC was also used as the raw material for extracting cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) by using sulfuric acid hydrolysis in aqueous media (Aouat et al, 2018). Sulfuric acid 95-97% was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.…”

Section: Materials Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second step, the pellets were used to obtain the multifilament fibers using a melt-spinning machine, Model Spinboy I, manufactured by Busschaert Engineering. Elaboration of PLA fibers has been detailed in a recent paper (Aouat et al, 2018).…”

Section: Preparation Of Pla/cellulose Bionanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three main approaches available to improve the dispersion and the interface bonding of the cellulosic filler with the polymer matrix, through either polymer or filler modification, or the addition of a third component, i.e., a coupling agent, such as maleic anhydride grafted polymers (Hassaini et al, 2017;Hamad et al, 2018). In the current paper, which is a continuation of a previous work (Aouat et al, 2018), PLA-g-MA was used as the compatibilizer for the PLA/cellulose bionanocomposites to improve the matrix-filler affinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Investigation on the Durability of PLA Bionanocomposite Fibers Under Hygrothermal Conditions

et al. 2019

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Hygrothermal aging of neat poly(lactic acid) (PLA), PLA/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and PLA/cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) fibers prepared by melt-spinning process was investigated at 95% relative humidity (RH) and two temperatures, i.e., 45 and 60 • C. PLA bionanocomposite fibers were melt compounded at filler content of 1 wt% in the presence of PLA-grafted-maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) (7 wt%) used as compatibilizer. The influence of the type of cellulosic filler and the temperature on the hydrolytic degradation kinetics was evaluated through changes in molecular structure and physico-mechanical properties of the samples. The study showed, that all exposed fibers to hygrothermal aging, were subjected to chain scission mechanism responsible for the decrease in average molecular weight, thermal stability and tensile properties, however, more pronounced after 14 days at 60 • C. Furthermore, an increase in crystallinity with a fast crystallization process was noticed for all exposed fibers. The study revealed that the hydrolysis rate increased by 5, 6, and 7 times after 14 days at 60 • C compared to 25 days at 45 • C for neat PLA, PLA/PLA-g-MA/MCC1, and PLA/PLA-g-MA/CNW1 fibers, respectively. This has been ascribed to the catalytic behavior of the cellulosic fillers which promotes water diffusion into the PLA matrix. Finally, the study concludes to the capacity of PLA fibers to better withdraw to hydrothermal aging in comparison to PLA/cellulose bionanocomposites. The durability of PLA fibers to hygrothermal degradation is established in the following order: PLA > PLA/PLA-g-MA/MCC1 > PLA/PLA-g-MA/CNW1.

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Morphological, Mechanical, and Thermal Characterization of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Cellulose Multifilament Fibers Prepared by Melt Spinning

Cited by 32 publications

References 56 publications

Thermoplastic Processing of PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

Thermoplastic Processing of PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

Processing of Thermoplastic PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

Investigation on the Durability of PLA Bionanocomposite Fibers Under Hygrothermal Conditions

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