Morphological Observations of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adhesion to a Nanoperiodic-Structured Titanium Surface Patterned Using Femtosecond Laser Processing

Abstract

It is known that the adhesive and anisotropic properties of cell-derived biomaterials are affected by micro-or nanoscale structures processed on culture surfaces. In the present study, the femtosecond laser processing technique was used to scan a laser beam at an intensity of approximately the ablation threshold level on a titanium surface for nanoscale processing. Microscopy observation revealed that the processed titanium exhibited a periodic-patterned groove structure at the surface; the width and depth of the groove were 292 AE 50 and 99 AE 31 nm, respectively, and the periodic pitch of the groove was 501 AE 100 nm. Human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the surface at a cell density of 3:0 Â 10 3 cells/cm 2 after 4 cell passages. For comparison, the cells were also cultured on a nonprocessed titanium surface under the condition identical to that of the processed surface. Results revealed that the duration for cell attachment to the surface was markedly reduced on the processed titanium as compared with the nonprocessed titanium. Moreover, on the processed titanium, cell extension area significantly increased while cell orientation was aligned along the direction of the periodic grooves. These results suggest that the femtosecond laser processing improves the adhesive and anisotropic properties of cells by producing the nanoperiodic structure on titanium culture surfaces.

Femtosecond Laser-Induced Surface Modification and its Application

“…Although LIPSS had been unfavorable as irregular structures inevitably accompanied by laser processing, the development of ultrashort pulse laser allows us to achieve not only stable periodic structures, but also non-conventional advantages based on nanotechnologies mentioned above. Applications of LIPSS for mechanical engineering such as water-repellent property, strain relief [48], and friction control have been reported as well as for biomedical applications such as cell adhesion and its growth [49,50]. For the case of optics, LIPSS are applied to structural coloring [51], surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) [52], and anti-reflection surface.…”

Preparation of Diamond-Like Carbon on Ti Film with Tetramethylsilane Buffer Layer

“…1) Many methods have been develped to improve the basic properties of titanium devices. 2,3) Diamond-like carbon (DLC) is a well-known coating material for a wide range of fields from wrist watches to car motors [4][5][6][7] owing to its high durability, high hardness, and low friction. DLC has been widely studied from many aspects such as hydrogen content, bond components, and mass density.…”