Morphological, physiological, biochemical, and transcriptome studies reveal the importance of transporters and stress signaling pathways during salinity stress in Prunus

Abstract

The almond crop has high economic importance on a global scale, but its sensitivity to salinity stress can cause severe yield losses. Salt-tolerant rootstocks are vital for crop economic feasibility under saline conditions. Two commercial rootstocks submitted to salinity, and evaluated through different parameters, had contrasting results with the survival rates of 90.6% for ‘Rootpac 40’ (tolerant) and 38.9% for ‘Nemaguard’ (sensitive) under salinity (Electrical conductivity of water = 3 dS m−1). Under salinity, ‘Rootpac 40’ accumulated less Na and Cl and more K in leaves than ‘Nemaguard’. Increased proline accumulation in ‘Nemaguard’ indicated that it was highly stressed by salinity compared to ‘Rootpac 40’. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that a higher degree of differential gene expression was controlled by genotype rather than by treatment. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) provided insight into the regulation of salinity tolerance in Prunus. DEGs associated with stress signaling pathways and transporters may play essential roles in the salinity tolerance of Prunus. Some additional vital players involved in salinity stress in Prunus include CBL10, AKT1, KUP8, Prupe.3G053200 (chloride channel), and Prupe.7G202700 (mechanosensitive ion channel). Genetic components of salinity stress identified in this study may be explored to develop new rootstocks suitable for salinity-affected regions.

Cysteine mitigates the effect of NaCl salt toxicity in flax (Linum usitatissimum L) plants by modulating antioxidant systems

“…2 c) may be due to the induction in proteolysis or preservation of the precursors of proline 19 . These results agree with 27 . They found that overproduction of proline with increasing the level of salinity stress.…”

Application of growth promoting hormones alters the composition and antioxidant potential of dill essential oil under salt stress

“…Environmental stresses such as salinity can cause oxidative stress 44 . The production of secondary metabolites (terpenoids and phenolic compounds) is a mechanism to counter such stresses 45 through participating in plant protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS).…”

Silicon Nanoparticle-Induced Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and ROS Homeostasis in Solanum lycopersicum Subjected to Salinity Stress

“… 5 Salt stress is known to influence crop nutritional quality and palatability by changing the amounts of secondary metabolites, protein, and micronutrients. 6 , 7 …”

“…Mainly, salinity stress can spoil the ecosystem, biodiversity, human fitness, and natural wealth. , Presently, this difficulty has been provoked in many areas of the earth because of the negative effects of anthropogenic activities, regular weather disturbance, shortage of pure water, and restriction of arable area . Salt stress is known to influence crop nutritional quality and palatability by changing the amounts of secondary metabolites, protein, and micronutrients. , …”

“…5 Salt stress is known to influence crop nutritional quality and palatability by changing the amounts of secondary metabolites, protein, and micronutrients. 6,7 In saline situation, the performance of plants and their communication with the taxing feature have been found to be enormously compound, important to modify at the different stages of plant life cycle. 8 This problem can eventually activate normal amounts of stress adaptation among the salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant plant species.…”