Morphological response to Quaternary deformation at an intermontane basin piedmont, the northern Tien Shan, Kyrghyzstan

Bowman, Dan; Korjenkov, A.M.; Porat, Naomi; Czassny, Birka

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.03.007

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To explore the role of inherited structures in the formation of high‐angle reverse faults, we study the Tian Shan of central Asia (Figure 1). The Tian Shan are a BITB formed as a result of Indo‐Eurasian convergence [ Burtman , 1975; Molnar and Tapponnier , 1975; Tapponnier and Molnar , 1979; Avouac et al , 1993; Abdrakhmatov et al , 2001; Thompson et al , 2002], and are dominated by north‐south convergence along east‐west striking high‐angle reverse faults [ Abdrakhmatov et al , 1996; Burbank et al , 1999; Korjenkov , 2000; Mikolaichuk , 2000; Molnar and Ghose , 2000; Abdrakhmatov et al , 2001; Bullen et al , 2001; Meade and Hager , 2001; Thompson et al , 2002; Bullen et al , 2003; Mikolaichuk et al , 2003; Bowman et al , 2004; Sobel et al , 2006; De Grave et al , 2007; Korjenkov et al , 2007]. Strike‐slip faulting is also prevalent in the Tian Shan (Figure 1b), ranging in scale from the ∼600‐km long Talas Fergana fault that bisects the entire orogen [ Burtman et al , 1996] to somewhat shorter strike‐slip faults that are embedded within the orogen [ Delvaux et al , 1999; Mikolaichuk , 2000; Buslov et al , 2003].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherited strike‐slip faults as an origin for basement‐cored uplifts: Example of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges, northern Tian Shan

et al. 2012

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Basement‐cored uplifts bounded by steeply dipping reverse faults are mechanically difficult to explain. Reactivation of strike‐slip faults that aid the formation of new, high‐angle reverse faults in the surrounding crust may provide one origin for these structures. This hypothesis is explored by examining the late Miocene to Quaternary evolution of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges in the northern Tian Shan. These ranges are cored by the Kemin‐Chilik fault (KCF), an inherited Paleozoic structure with sinistral separation of basement terranes. Range growth in response to northward propagation of the Tian Shan has taken place along a network of steeply dipping reverse and oblique‐slip faults surrounding the KCF. Deformation of a low relief unconformity separating Neogene strata from Paleozoic basement records structural growth in response to fault slip. Deformed river terraces surrounding the ranges are correlated to a well preserved chronosequence in the southern Kungey Range. Cosmogenic10Be dating of this chronosequence combined with offset measurements yields slip rates ranging from 0.07 to 0.37 mm/yr for dip‐slip faults, and 1.1 to 1.5 mm/yr for strike‐slip faults Late Quaternary activity in the Kungey‐Zailiskey ranges is consistent with the longer‐term, outward stepping pattern of range growth. Based on cross sections constrained from the folded unconformity surface, deformed Neogene strata and Quaternary terraces, faults building the Kungey Range are inferred to steepen at depth and emanate from a shear zone co‐located with the reactivated KCF. This geometry is consistent with a slip partitioned system developed by an obliquely slipping reactivated fault at depth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherited strike‐slip faults as an origin for basement‐cored uplifts: Example of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges, northern Tian Shan

et al. 2012

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“…In spite of these advances, rates of erosion and knickpoint retreat are difficult to predict from theory because of poorly understood nonlinear relationships between model parameters (e.g., Whipple and Tucker, 1999;Crosby and Whipple, in press). Surficial features that form at intermediate timescales (10 4 -10 6 years) often dominate tectonically active landscapes, yet field-based studies of fluvial response to external forcing at this timescale are rare (e.g., Blum and Tornqvist, 2000;Schlunegger, 2002;Matmon et al, 2003;Bowman et al, 2004;Pearce et al, 2004). Thus, our ability to test emerging models for geomorphic evolution in active mountain belts is presently limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary landscape evolution in the San Jacinto fault zone, Peninsular Ranges of Southern California: Transient response to strike-slip fault initiation

Dorsey

Roering

2006

Geomorphology

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“…Pleistocene seismites among shallow lacustrine, beach, and fluvial deposits indicate episodic strong ground motion (Bowman et al, , ). The strongest historical earthquakes include those at Verny (1887, M s 7.3), Chilik (1889, M s 8.3), Chon Kemin (1911, M s 8.1), and Kemino‐Chu (1938, M s 6.9) (Abdrakhmatov and Strom, ).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pleistocene seismites among shallow lacustrine, beach, and fluvial deposits indicate episodic strong ground motion (Bowman et al, 2004a(Bowman et al, , 2004b (Abdrakhmatov and Strom, 2002). South of the lake, south verging faults and folds accommodate active deformation, so that flights of Quaternary fluvial terraces are tilted progressively to the north (Burgette, 2008).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Pleistocene outburst floods from Issyk Kul, Kyrgyzstan?

Rosenwinkel

Landgraf

Schwanghart

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Elevated shorelines and lake sediments surrounding Issyk Kul, the world's second largest mountain lake, record fluctuating lake levels during Quaternary times. Together with bathymetric and geochemical data, these markers document alternating phases of lake closure and external drainage. The uppermost level of lake sediments requires a former damming of the lake's western outlet through the Boam gorge. We test previous hypothesised ice or landslide dam failures by exploring possible links between late Quaternary lake levels and outbursts. We review and recompile the chronology of reported changes in lake site, and offer new ages of abandoned shorelines using 14C in bivalve and gastropod shells, and plant detritus, as well as sand lenses in delta and river sediments using Infrared Stimulated Luminescence. Our dates are consistent with elevated lake levels between ~45 ka and 22 ka. Cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al exposure ages of fan terraces containing erratic boulders (>3 m) downstream of the gorge constrain the timing of floods to 20.5–18.5 ka, postdating a highstand of Issyk Kul. A flow‐competence analysis gives a peak discharge of >104 m3 s–1 for entraining and transporting these boulders. Palaeoflood modelling, however, shows that naturally dammed lakes unconnected to Issyk Kul could have produced such high discharges upon sudden emptying. Hence, although our data are consistent with hypotheses of catastrophic outburst floods, average lake‐level changes of up to 90 mm yr–1 in the past 150 years were highly variable without any outbursts, so that linking lake‐level drops to catastrophic dam breaks remains ambiguous using sedimentary archives alone. This constraint may readily apply to other Quaternary lakes of that size elsewhere. Nonetheless, our reconstructed Pleistocene floods are among the largest reported worldwide, and motivate further research into the palaeoflood hydrology of Central Asia. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Morphological response to Quaternary deformation at an intermontane basin piedmont, the northern Tien Shan, Kyrghyzstan

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Inherited strike‐slip faults as an origin for basement‐cored uplifts: Example of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges, northern Tian Shan

Inherited strike‐slip faults as an origin for basement‐cored uplifts: Example of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges, northern Tian Shan

Quaternary landscape evolution in the San Jacinto fault zone, Peninsular Ranges of Southern California: Transient response to strike-slip fault initiation

Late Pleistocene outburst floods from Issyk Kul, Kyrgyzstan?

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