Morphological status of assimilated atlas vertebra with occipital bone and its clinical significance

Gopal, Krishna; Choudhary, Anshul; Agarwal, Jolly; Ali, Sadakat

doi:10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20150207

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The incidence of occipitocervical synostosis has been reported as 0.67% by Jadhav et al, [5] 1% by Mudaliar et al, [1] 2% by Nimje and Wankhede, [17] 3.63% by Kassim et al, [18] and 2% by Gopal et al [19] In our study, the incidence is 0.5%. Gopal et al [19] observed 20 cases with occipitocervical synostosis. In all their cases, superior articular facets were fused with the occipital condyles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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Occipitocervical synostosis: case report

Kayhan¹,

Çoruk²,

Erturk³

et al. 2015

Anatomy

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Fusion of atlas with the occipital bone is a rare congenital anomaly known as occipitocervical synostosis, occipitalization of atlas, assimilation of atlas or atlanto-occipital fusion. We describe two cases of occipitocervical synostosis identified amongst one-hundred dry adult human occipital bones from the collection of Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy (incidence 0.5%). The synostosis was complete type for both cases. Occipitocervical synostosis is clinically important as it may cause narrowing of foramen magnum which may compress the brainstem, vertebral artery and cranial nerves, and during surgical approaches to the craniovertebral region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Gopal et al [19] observed 20 cases with occipitocervical synostosis. In all their cases, superior articular facets were fused with the occipital condyles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occipitocervical synostosis: case report

Kayhan¹,

Çoruk²,

Erturk³

et al. 2015

Anatomy

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“…Results from our sample support a higher prevalence of partial AO, as 90.0% of the crania with AO exhibited partial AO. Fused transverse processes occurred at a rate of 60.0% among crania with AO, which is higher than the 10.0% reported for a sample of crania with AO from Northern India [84]. Differences in the types and influence of etiological factors that give rise to AO in these populations may explain the higher rate in this sample.…”

Section: Morphological Variation In Aocontrasting

confidence: 61%

Population-level assessment of atlas occipitalization in artificially modified crania from pre-Hispanic Peru

et al. 2020

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Atlas occipitalization (AO) is a spinal anomaly, characterized by the fusion of the first cervical vertebra and occipital bone, with a complex etiology that can arise from congenital and environmental causes. AO has been reported in three regions of pre-Hispanic Peru in skeletal remains with artificial cranial modification (ACM), which involves the use of compression devices to permanently alter cranial shape and may have affected the fusion of the atlas and occipital bone. The aims of this study were to gain insights into AO's etiology by testing correlations between AO and ACM presence/type and geographic region as well as to characterize morphological variation associated with AO. We investigated the geographic distribution of AO and its potential relationship to ACM in a large sample of human crania from eight coastal and highland regions of pre-Hispanic Peru, held at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History (n = 608, 1300-1500 CE). Eleven cases of AO were observed in three coastal regions-including two previously unreported regions-at an overall frequency of 1.8%. The frequency of AO did not differ significantly between crania with and without ACM, in general or by type, suggesting that ACM is not an etiological factor that influences AO in this sample. AO was observed at a significantly higher rate in the southern coastal region of Arequipa than in any other region. Genetic, dietary, and epidemiological conditions are evaluated as factors possibly shaping the geographic distribution of AO along the central and southern coasts of Peru.

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