Morphological Studies on the Skull Bones of Indian Mithun (Bos frontalis)

Abstract

Background: There is scanty information on the skull morphology of Indian mithun. Therefore, the present study has been designed to provide information on the morphology of the skull of Indian mithun. Method: The study was conducted on the skull bones of twelve (n=12) adult Indian mithun of either sex (n=6, male and n=6, female). The head region samples of naturally died mithun were collected from different parts of the Mizoram and Nagaland states of India from April, 2019 to March, 2020. Result: The skull of mithun was roughly triangular in shape from the dorsal side. The cranial and facial bones were the major components of the skull, with a total of thirty-two bones. There were three single and four paired cranial bones with a total of eleven bones. There was one single and the rest were paired facial bones with a total of twenty-one bones. The cranial bones were occipital, parietal, interparietal, sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal and temporal. The facial bones were maxilla, premaxilla (incisive), palatine, pterygoid, nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic (malar), vomer, turbinate, mandible and hyoid. The present morphological studies on the skull of mithun can be useful to the wildlife professionals and zoo veterinarians for the determination of sex of this animal and differentiation from other domestic and wild animals for solving veterolegal cases.

The Transcriptional Landscape of the Early Embryonic Developmental Biology in Hulunbuir Short-Tailed Sheep

“…In the development of the nervous system, PL of neural membrane is rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the brain-FABP (BFABP; FABP7) is mainly detected in the prenatal brain with a relatively low level in the adult brain. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1A) is the primary isoform (Choudhary et al, 2022) which is found in the liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, intestines, pancreas, brain and ovaries. Brain carnitine palmitoy ltransferase 1 (CPT1C) is mainly expressed in the brain.…”