Morphological Traits and Chemical Composition of Hazelnut from Different Geographical Origins: A Review

Król, Katarzyna; Gantner, Magdalena

doi:10.3390/agriculture10090375

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Similarly, the method of distinguishing origin by metabolomics has also been applied to diverse fields, such as sea cucumber [ 24 ], rice [ 25 ], dry-cured hams [ 26 ], beef [ 12 ] and others [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Many researchers have reviewed the effect of producing area on fruit quality [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolomics Study of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai from Different Geographical Regions

et al. 2022

Foods

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Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa) is not only a Chinese herbal medicine but also a functional food widely planted in China. Its fruits are used to treat many diseases or can be processed into food products. This study aims to find key metabolic components, distinguish the differences between geographical regions and find more medicinal and edible values of C. speciosa fruits. We used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and widely targeted metabolomics analysis to reveal key and differential metabolites. We identified 974 metabolites and screened 548 differential metabolites from 8 regions. We selected significantly high-content differential metabolites to visualize a regional biomarker map. Comparative analysis showed Yunnan had the highest content of total flavonoids, the highest amounts of compounds related to disease resistance and drug targets and the most significant difference from the other regions according to the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database, a unique platform for studying the systematic pharmacology of Chinese herbal medicine and capturing the relationship between drugs, targets and diseases. We used oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30% and drug likeness (DL) ≥ 0.18 as the selection criteria and found 101 key active metabolites, which suggests that C. speciosa fruits were rich in healthy metabolites. These results provide valuable information for the development of C. speciosa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolomics Study of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai from Different Geographical Regions

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…According to previously published studies [18,32,47], important factors in choosing cultivars for oil production include their oil content and sphericity. Spherical nuts are highly desirable for industrial processing and are more easily cracked, blanched and roasted.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quality Characteristic and Fatty Acid Profile of Cold-Pressed Hazelnut Oils during Nine Months of Storage

2021

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Poland is one of the largest producers of hazelnuts in Europe; however, information regarding the storage of cold-pressed hazelnut oil is limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the oxidative indices and fatty acid composition of oils from six hazelnut cultivars during 9 months of storage. At the beginning of storage, the hazelnut oils showed zero or very low oxidation values, which indicated the absence of initial triglyceride hydrolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Acid values increased with storage time, which was statistically significant, ranging from 0.17 to 0.34 mg KOH/g oil. The peroxide value in the first 5 months of storage was undetectable, whereas after 9 months the oils showed a slight increase in oils obtained from the ‘Olbrzym z Halle’ cultivar, followed by the ‘Barcelonski’ cultivar, at 3.39 and 2.15 meq O2/kg, respectively. The lipid content of the kernels was very stable under storage conditions. Total monounsaturated fatty acid content exhibited the highest proportion, while saturated fatty acids (SFAs) had the lowest content over the entire storage period. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids showed a small decrease during storage, but was not statistically significant; therefore, polyunsaturated fatty acid remained stable. The percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased by approx. 1.6%, thus the percentage of SFA increased by approx. 13.7% during 9 months of storage. The oil yield ranged from 69% for nuts from the ‘Nottinghsamski’ cultivar to 75% from the ‘Webba Cenny’ and ‘Barcelonski’ cultivars.

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“…Turkey, Italy, and Azerbaijan are the three lay producers with a production of 776,046; 98,530 and 53,793 tonnes, respectively [1]. Ninety percent of the hazelnuts produced are intended for processing [2], deprived of the woody pericarp, and used in chocolate, pastry, confectionery, as well as in the preparation of numerous foods and liqueurs [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Hazelnut Shells as Growing Substrate for Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

et al. 2022

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Recently, the cultivation of hazel is undergoing a large expansion. Italy is the world’s second largest producer of hazelnuts, with a production of around 98,530 tons in 2019. The processing of hazelnuts produces large amounts of waste, especially woody pericarps, due to the cracking process, generally used for domestic heating, causing air pollution. The high lignin content present in the pericarps makes them a suitable substrate for the cultivation of edible and medicinal mushrooms. To this aim, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, and Pleurotus cornucopiae were grown and cultivated on different hazelnut-shell-based substrates: Hazelnut Shell (HS), Hazelnut Shell and Wheat Straw (HS-WS), and Wheat Straw mixed with Beech Chips (WS-BC) as control. In vitro mycelial grow rate, the degradation capacity of the lignocellulosic fraction, the biological efficiency, and the qualitative differences between mushrooms growing on different substrates by using Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were investigated. Our results suggested the ability of G. lucidum, L. edodes, and P. cornucopiae to grow and decay the lignocellulosic fraction of HS. Cultivation trials showed a similar biological efficiency but a different Fruiting Body Production (FBP) in the presence of HS with respect to the control. ATR-FTIR analysis provided a chemical insight for the examined fruiting bodies, and differences were found among the substrates studied. These results provide attractive perspectives both for more sustainable management and for the improvement of mushroom cultivation efficiency.

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Morphological Traits and Chemical Composition of Hazelnut from Different Geographical Origins: A Review

Cited by 36 publications

References 66 publications

Comparative Metabolomics Study of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai from Different Geographical Regions

Comparative Metabolomics Study of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai from Different Geographical Regions

The Quality Characteristic and Fatty Acid Profile of Cold-Pressed Hazelnut Oils during Nine Months of Storage

Valorization of Hazelnut Shells as Growing Substrate for Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

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