Morphological variation among fifteen superior robusta coffee clones in Lampung Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Ramadiana S, Hapsoro D, Yusnita Y. 2018. Morphological variation among fifteen superior robusta coffee clones inLampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1475-1481. This study aimed to characterize morphological variation among fifteensuperior robusta coffee clones in Lampung Province. The fifteen clones consisted of four clones released by the Indonesian Coffee andCocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), i.e. ‘BP 409’,‘BP936’, ‘BP939’, ‘SA 237’, together with eleven superior coffee clones selected byfarmers from Tanggamus District (‘Tugino’, ‘Wanto’, ‘Biyadi’, ‘Komari’, ‘Wardi’, ‘Wariso’) and from West Lampung District (‘TuguKuning’, ‘Tugu Hijau', ‘Tugu Biru', ‘Tugu Sari', ‘Lengkong'). Fifteen qualitative and seven quantitative morphological characters wereevaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replicates for each clone,each replication consisted of two plants. Fromeach plant, four samples were taken from four sides of the plant (north, south, west, and east). It was found that while somemorphological characters exhibited negligible variation among clones, there were significant differences between clones for othercharacters. The characters that did not differ significantly between clones were: shapes of leaf base and leaf tip; petiole color; leafvenation pattern; fruit disk shape; ripe-fruit color; and stipule shape. The characters that varied between clones were shape of leaf lamina(elliptical vs. lanceolate); fruit shape (round vs. oval); and shape of leaf margins. Morphological variation was also observed in somequantitative characters: canopy diameter; tree height; stem diameter; leaf length; leaf width; petiole length; stipule length; and number ofprimary branches.

The Characterization and Quality of 14 Accessions of Robusta Coffee

“…Stem diameter, number of fruit/bunch, distance between bunches, weight of 100 fruits, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, production, caffeine content, fruit length, fruit width, and fruit thickness were characteristics with a low level of diversity, meaning that all the observed accessions have uniform values for all six characteristics. Low coefficient of diversity in leaf length, leaf width, and petiole length had also been previously reported [14]. Robusta coffee production has a close correlation, among others, with the characteristics of stem circumference, number of fruit per bunch, leaf length, weight of 100 fresh fruit, fruit length, and fruit thickness [3].…”

Effect of Vermicompost Application to Arabica Coffee Seedlings (Coffea arabica L.)

“…The growth rate of stem diameter was slower than plant height. This condition due to the plant height growth stimulated cell division in shoots of plant and formed new leaves so that absorbed nutrients was focused in shoots than stem [18]. The annual plant particularly coffee underwent long growth in horizontal direction so that the stem diameter growth needed longer time.…”

Morphological Variations of Robusta Coffee As a Response to Different Altitude in Lampung

“…Certain coffee accessions in Lampung regions are probably derived from the introduction (Ramadiana et al, 2018). Furthermore, the introduction of these new accessions might have led to the creation with new names and characteristic.…”