Morphologie und Ultrastruktur der KoralleCornularia cornucopiae (Anthozoa, Octocorallia)

Benke, H.; Hündgen, Manfred

doi:10.1007/bf01999962

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Sections of the attachment foci (Fig. 6b and c) parallel to the skeleton axis are most similar to those found in the octocorallians Leptogorgia virgulata (Tidball, 1982a), Dendronephthya hemprichi (Barneah et al, 2002), Cornularia cornucopia (Benke and Hündgen, 1984), and to desmocytes found in the hexacorallian Stylophora psitillata (Muscatine et al, 1997). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Histology and ultrastructure of the coenenchyme of the octocoral Swiftia exserta, a model organism for innate immunity/graft rejection

Menzel

Tondo

Stein

et al. 2015

Zoology

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The octocoral Swiftia exserta has been utilized extensively in our laboratory to study innate immune reactions in Cnidaria such as wound healing, auto- and allo-graft reactions, and for some classical “foreign body” phagocytosis experiments. All of these reactions occur in the coenenchyme of the animal, the colonial tissue surrounding the axial skeleton in which the polyps are embedded, and do not rely on nematocysts or directly involve the polyps. In order to better understand some of the cellular reactions occurring in the coenenchyme, the present study employed several cytochemical methods (periodic acid–Schiff reaction, Mallory’s aniline blue collagen stain, and Gomori’s trichrome stain) and correlated the observed structures with electron microscopy (both scanning and transmission). Eight types of cells were apparent in the coenenchyme of S. exserta, exclusive of gastrodermal tissue: (i) epithelial ectoderm cells, (ii) oblong granular cells, (iii) granular amoebocytes, (iv) morula-like cells, (v) mesogleal cells, (vi) sclerocytes, (vii) axial epithelial cells, and (viii) cnidocytes with mostly atrichous isorhiza nematocysts. Several novel organizational features are now apparent from transmission electron micrographs: the ectoderm consists of a single layer of flat epithelial cells, the cell types of the mesoglea extend from beneath the thin ectoderm throughout the mesogleal cell cords, the organization of the solenia gastroderm consists of a single layer of cells, and two nematocyst types have been found. A new interpretation of the cellular architecture of S. exserta, and more broadly, octocoral biology is now possible.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Histology and ultrastructure of the coenenchyme of the octocoral Swiftia exserta, a model organism for innate immunity/graft rejection

Menzel

Tondo

Stein

et al. 2015

Zoology

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“…One end of such a rivet is bound to the mesogleal fibrillae, and the other end is embedded in the cuticle adherent to the substrate. Desmocytes found in Octocorallia such as Leptogorgia virgulata (see Tidball 1982) and Cornularia cornucopiae (see Benke & Hundgen 1984) take active part in binding soft tissues onto endoskeletal structures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment to the substrate by soft coral fragments: desmocyte development, structure, and function

Barneah

Malik

Benayahu

2002

Invertebrate Biology

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Abstract. Pieces cut from colonies of the soft coral Dendronephthya hemprichi exhibited rapid and effective attachment to hard surfaces. Attachment involved development of root‐like processes (RLPs), which appeared at the basal part of the fragment 4 days after its removal from the colony. The fine structural changes and cascade of cellular events occurring in the RLP before and after attachment were studied using SEM, TEM, and LM. The epidermis of the RLPs is actively involved in the attachment process and several distinct phases are documented: appearance of numerous oval vesicles, extrusion of these vesicles resulting in the formation of an outer layer composed of extracellular organic matrix and organellar debris, which functions as an adhesive device leading to initial attachment. The latter phase was followed by the formation of desmocytes, which develop in the RLP epidermis and function as anchoring devices, mediating the firm attachment of the fragment to the substrate. This is the first evidence among anthozoans that desmocytes play an active role in anchoring tissue to substrate and thus extends the range of functions exhibited by desmocytes among anthozoans.

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“…1a). The ultrastructure of this species has been described in detail (Benke & Hündgen 1984) as well as its cnidome (Schmidt 1981). However, no studies have been dedicated to investigating the ecology and reproductive biology of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history of Cornularia cornucopiae (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) on the Conero Promontory (North Adriatic Sea)

Betti¹,

Bo²,

Camillo³

et al. 2011

Marine Ecology

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The life cycle of the stoloniferan Cornularia cornucopiae (Pallas, 1766) (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) was studied from March 2009 to October 2010 on the rocky cliff of the Conero Promontory (North Adriatic Sea, 43°34.865′ N, 13°34.320′ E). In this area the species showed unusual high densities never recorded in other sites of the Mediterranean Sea. The density trend of the species showed a marked seasonal cycle, with a winter minimum of about 1000 polyps m−2 and a summer maximum of about 30,000 polyps m−2. In accordance with other Mediterranean literature data, polyps were fertile during spring–summer, from March to August, but the number of eggs per polyp continuously decreased during this span of time. Variations of polyp density were strongly correlated to water temperature, which can be considered the main environmental factor triggering this seasonal behaviour. The possibility, for C. cornucopiae, to face adverse winter conditions is probably related to the presence of a characteristic perisarcal envelope covering the stolon and the calyx of each polyp, which isolates the living tissues from the exterior. During winter, polyps degenerate but the stolons remain dormant inside their envelopes. The perisarc covering represents a morphological convergence of C. cornucopiae with benthic hydrozoans. As the latter, the studied stoloniferans are able to live in habitats characterized by periodic favourable conditions thanks to a seasonal life strategy. A similar trend is shared also by other important components (cnidarians and some sponges) of the filter‐feeding community of the North Adriatic Sea. Differently to the Western Mediterranean basin, this area is characterized by high food availability all year around, so benthic organisms are strongly constrained by the very low winter temperatures.

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Morphologie und Ultrastruktur der KoralleCornularia cornucopiae (Anthozoa, Octocorallia)

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Histology and ultrastructure of the coenenchyme of the octocoral Swiftia exserta, a model organism for innate immunity/graft rejection

Histology and ultrastructure of the coenenchyme of the octocoral Swiftia exserta, a model organism for innate immunity/graft rejection

Attachment to the substrate by soft coral fragments: desmocyte development, structure, and function

Life history of Cornularia cornucopiae (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) on the Conero Promontory (North Adriatic Sea)

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