Morphology, Anatomy, Palynology and Seed Micromorphology of Turkish Endemic Verbascum exuberans Hub.-Mor. (Scrophulariaceae)

Abstract

Verbascum L. is the largest genus of the family Scrophulariceae and includes several species are of medicinal importance. The high morphological diversity among the species of the genus Verbascum causes problems in the delimitation of the species. In this study, morphological, anatomical, palynological and seed properties of Verbascum exuberans were investigated. It is a local endemic restricted to the provinces of Manisa and Izmir in West Anatolia. In the root cross-section, the xylem elements occupy a considerable area. The upper part of the epidermis cells in the stem cross-section is covered a distinct cuticle layer. The main vein of the leaf is shapped as bicollateral bundle. Idioblasts were not observed in the epidermis of the leaves of V. exuberans. Seeds of V. exuberans are dark brown and oblong to prismatic and alveolate. Hilum is short and orbicular. The seed coat ornamentation is reticulate-rugose. Pollen grains usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, prolate, tricolpate. Tectum is reticulate.

Anatomy, Pollen and Seed Morphology of Endemicspecies Verbascum Globiferumhub.-Mor. and V. Lysiosepalum Hub.-Mor. (Scrophulariaceae)In Diyarbakir, Turkey and Their Taxonomic Importance

“…The present study indicated that V. globiferum and V. lysiosepalum have a very large xylem area at the root and a thick cuticle layer on the stem. In addition, the same features were also noted by researchers (Özdemir and Altan, 2007;Alan and Gökmen, 2015;Küçük, 2017;Tekin and Yılmaz, 2018;Aktas et al, 2020;Küçük et al, 2021). In some studies (Alan and Gökmen, 2015;Aktas et al, 2020), it was stated that the cambium was indeterminate in the vascular bundle in the root, and in this study, it was found that the root had similar characteristics for the species.…”

“…In addition, the same features were also noted by researchers (Özdemir and Altan, 2007;Alan and Gökmen, 2015;Küçük, 2017;Tekin and Yılmaz, 2018;Aktas et al, 2020;Küçük et al, 2021). In some studies (Alan and Gökmen, 2015;Aktas et al, 2020), it was stated that the cambium was indeterminate in the vascular bundle in the root, and in this study, it was found that the root had similar characteristics for the species. In the leaf, cross-section analyses of the species, densely glandular, eglandular, and multicellular branched hairs were observed on the epidermal cells.…”

“…There are few studies on the morphological and anatomical features of the genus (Çakır and Bağcı, 2006). There are many SEM studies based on pollen morphology of the some Verbascum species taxa (Juan et al, 1997;Dane and Yilmaz, 2002;Kheyri, 2009;Asmat et al, 2011;Al-Hadeethy et al, 2014;Öztürk et al, 2018;Aktas, 2019;Aktas et al, 2020;Baser, 2021). Seed micromorphology of the genus Verbascum has been examined by several researchers including Juan et al (1997), Petkovié et al (1997), Attar et al (2007), Kheiri et al (2009), Cabi et al (2011), Aktas 2019, andAktas et al 2020.…”

“…There are many SEM studies based on pollen morphology of the some Verbascum species taxa (Juan et al, 1997;Dane and Yilmaz, 2002;Kheyri, 2009;Asmat et al, 2011;Al-Hadeethy et al, 2014;Öztürk et al, 2018;Aktas, 2019;Aktas et al, 2020;Baser, 2021). Seed micromorphology of the genus Verbascum has been examined by several researchers including Juan et al (1997), Petkovié et al (1997), Attar et al (2007), Kheiri et al (2009), Cabi et al (2011), Aktas 2019, andAktas et al 2020. Anatomical studies of this genus were made by few researchers (Özdemir and Altan, 2007;Kheiri et al, 2009;Yılmaz and Dane, 2011;Alan and Gökman, 2015;Küçük, 2017;Tekin and Yılmaz, 2018;Aktas, 2019;Aktaset al, 2020;Küçük et al, 2021).…”

“…Seed micromorphology of the genus Verbascum has been examined by several researchers including Juan et al (1997), Petkovié et al (1997), Attar et al (2007), Kheiri et al (2009), Cabi et al (2011), Aktas 2019, andAktas et al 2020. Anatomical studies of this genus were made by few researchers (Özdemir and Altan, 2007;Kheiri et al, 2009;Yılmaz and Dane, 2011;Alan and Gökman, 2015;Küçük, 2017;Tekin and Yılmaz, 2018;Aktas, 2019;Aktaset al, 2020;Küçük et al, 2021). There are still deficiencies in information and many taxa are not studied yet in Turkey.…”