Morphology and chaetotaxy of the legs of Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

R strain (designated Ore-171) had been inbred 171 generations by brother-sister matings at the time of sampling. The hybrids were F, offspring from reciprocal crosses of and Ore-171. For the Sam-Ore hybrids Sam-269 was used as the female parent and for the Ore-Sam hybrids Ore-171 was used as the female parent. TechniquesCuZture met7aods. The standard culture medium consisting of cornmeal, agar, molasses and brewer's yeast with the addition of live yeast just before using the culture bottle was employed throughout thc experiment. Five pairs of flies of the appropriate genotypes were placed in a culture bottle and the females were permitted to lay eggs for two days, then the parents were transferred to a fresh bottle f o r 5 more days before discarding. The cultures were incubated at 26 .t 1°C. The offspring were preserved in alcohol within t v o days after emergence. Only the offspring from the first culture were used for this study.

Organizing activity of wingless protein in Drosophila

“…This can be seen clearly in the tarsal segmentsof the second leg. As diagramed in Figure 3C, the tarsal bristles in this leg are arranged in a highly stereotyped pattern of eight columns, the ventralmost columns (4 and 5) forming characteristic thick, peg-like bristles (Hannah-Alava, 1958). Phenotypically normal clones marked bristles in columns 4 and 5 (e.g., Figure 46) and occasionally columns 3 and 6, but never columns 1, 2, 7, or 8.…”

“…The size and shape of bristles vary along the dorsoventral axis, and the anterior compartment contributes more than the posterior compartment, including both the dorsalmost and ventralmost portions of the leg. As described in the text and diagramed above the cross section, the tarsal bristles are organized into eight columns (numbered l-9 along the dorsoventral axis; as in Hannah-Alava, 1958;D, DL, VL, and V = dorsal, dorsolateral, ventrolateral, and ventral, respectively), of which the ventralmost two columns (4 and 5) appear to derive from wg-expressing cells. The relationship of wg-expressing cells to the adult pattern (hatched block beneath diagram) has also been confirmed by visualizing fl-galactosidase expression in the legs of freshly emerged flies that express /a& under the control of the endogenous wg promoter (data not shown).…”

It's Not a Bug, It's a Feature: Functional Materials in Insects

“…[204] Physically, they are thick, terminate in sharp points, and receive extra structural support from specialized cells. [205] Each hair has directional selectivity that varies with aspects like hair morphology, shaft angle relative to the cuticle, and ion channel location and/ or type. [206,207] Additionally, insects often possess two distinct types of associated sensory neurons: rapidly adapting (i.e., respond quickly to changes in stimuli) and slowly adapting (i.e., respond throughout the duration of the stimuli).…”

The Drosophila genesdisconnectedanddisco-relatedtogether specify development of adult legs

“…Each leg segment has a characteristic arrangement of bristles, in general organized into longitudinal rows around the circumference of the leg. The bristles have an overall polarity such that most are oriented toward the distal portion of the leg (Hannah-Alava, 1958;Held, 2002;Schubiger et al, 2012;Tokunaga, 1962). On the more distal leg segments, bristles are usually associated with bracts, small, thick trichomes induced by the neighboring bristle.…”