Morphology and Composition of Peripheral Blood Cells during Hibernation in Bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) of Northwestern Russia

Uzenbaeva, L. B.; Kizhina, A. G.; Ilyukha, V. A.; Belkin, Vladimir; Khizhkin, E. A.

doi:10.1134/s1062359019030130

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The observed extreme and transient leukopenia in our study animals during early and late torpor, including granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils), lymphocytes and monocytes, with a significant increase in WBCs to a certain level upon arousal ( Figure 2A ), confirms previous findings on WBC dynamics during hibernation from all hibernating species studied in this aspect to date ( Bouma et al, 2010a , b , 2011 , 2012 , 2013b ; Sahdo et al, 2013 ; Kuznetsova et al, 2016 ; Kizhina et al, 2018 ; Uzenbaeva et al, 2019 ). At this point, we would like to note that we did not measure summer euthermic animals in this study and, therefore, cannot draw any conclusions or comparisons on the seasonal aspect of blood cell counts or distribution.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Hence our results in regards to WBC composition in hibernating garden dormice do not fully align with previous studies. Bouma et al (2010a) noted in their review that the majority of the remaining WBCs during the state of torpor are neutrophils (90%), whereas in our study lymphocytes are the predominant WBC type during early (71%) as well as during late torpor (52%), which is likely to be species-specific (see also Uzenbaeva et al, 2019). The lymphocyte numbers in our study are not significantly different between interbout arousal and early torpor, i.e., 1-2 days after interbout arousal, but continue to decrease further along the torpor bout.…”

Section: White Blood Cell Number and Composition Change Within The Tomentioning

confidence: 43%

“…In this context, the most striking immunological change is the drop of circulating white blood cells (WBC) by up to 90%. In all investigated torpid or hibernating animals WBCs including neutrophil granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes are decreased, whereby neutrophil granulocytes, hereafter referred to ‘neutrophils’, remain the most abundant ( Bouma et al, 2010a ; Sahdo et al, 2013 ; Uzenbaeva et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Function and Composition Shift in Circulating Innate Immune Cells in Hibernating Garden Dormice

et al. 2021

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Hibernation is characterized by successive torpor bouts during which metabolic rate is down-regulated to 2–4% of euthermic levels along with core body temperatures (Tb) ranging between 0 and 10°C. One characteristic of the torpid state, which is periodically interrupted by a few hours of euthermic phases or arousals during hibernation, resides in an overall impairment of the immune system. The most striking change during torpor is the reduction of circulating white blood cells up to 90%, while their numbers rise to near summer euthermic level upon rewarming. However, potential changes in responsiveness and function of neutrophil granulocytes, accounting for the primary cellular innate immune defense, are unknown. Here we present the first data on shifts in oxidative burst capacity, i.e., the ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), of neutrophils during hibernation. Using a chemiluminescence assay, we measured real-time ROS production in whole blood of hibernating garden dormice (Eliomys quercinus) in early or late torpor, and upon arousals. Accounting for changes in neutrophil numbers along the torpor-arousal cycle, we found significant differences, between torpid and euthermic states, in the neutrophil oxidative burst capacity (NOC), with shallow cell responses during torpor and a highly significant increase by up to 30-fold during arousals. Further, we observed a significant reduction of NOC from aroused animals with euthermic Tb of 36.95 ± 0.37°C, when tested at 6°C, whereas no change occurred in NOC from torpid individuals reaching constant Tb of 4.67 ± 0.42°C, when measured at 35°C. This dynamic indicates that the reduction in NOC during torpor may be temperature-compensated. These results linked to the understanding of immune function during the torpor-arousal cycle might have clinical relevance in the context of therapeutic hypothermia and reperfusion injury.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: White Blood Cell Number and Composition Change Within The Tomentioning

confidence: 43%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Function and Composition Shift in Circulating Innate Immune Cells in Hibernating Garden Dormice

et al. 2021

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“…Экспериментальной моделью изучения жизне способности клеток явились лейкоциты крови больных, поскольку они могут отражать внутреннее состояние организма человека и являются легкодоступным материалом для исследования. Эти иммунокомпетентные клетки рассматриваются как своего рода "зеркало гомеостаза", по которому можно определить характер процесса, лежащего в основе болезни, его тяжесть, прогноз и эффективность терапии [13]. Более того, Jin W, et al на основании ряда собственных исследований утверждают, что характер повреждений митохондрий в кардиомиоцитах и лейкоцитах периферической крови идентичен: в лейкоцитах отражаются изменения, происходящие в кардиомиоцитах, как в зеркале [14].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Personalized trimetazidine prescription as a cytoprotective agent in patients with coronary artery disease

Ромащенко

2021

Russ J Cardiol

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Aim. To develop a personalized approach to the trimetazidine use in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on the criteria for predicting the cytoprotective activity tested in vitro.Material and methods. We examined 30 patients with class I-III stable effort angina with concomitant hypertension and heart failure. The patients underwent echocardiography, complete blood count, biochemical tests with determination of the lipid profile, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), CPK-MB, renal and hepatic parameters. To determine the cytoprotective activity of trimetazidine, white blood cells (WBCs) of patients were examined in vitro using an Eclipse Ti-U inverted fluorescence microscope (Nikon, Japan). Living and dead cells were determined by staining WBCs with fluorescent dyes (Calcein AM, Ethidium bromide). Cell viability index (CVI) was calculated. The statistical processing was carried out. The criteria for predicting the trimetazidine cytoprotective effect were determined using Wald statistics.Results. When trimetazidine was injected into a WBC suspension sample, two types of cell viability changes were observed: in 60% of patients, CVI increased, on average, by 37% (from 23% to 60%, p<0,001) and in 40% of patients, CVI decreased, on average, by 30% (from 54% to 24%, p<0,05).A number of conditions of the patient initial status were identified for the manifestation of trimetazidine cytoprotective activity: grade 1 hypertension; right ventricular end diastolic dimension up to 30 mm according to echocardiography; normal lipid profile with a total cholesterol <5,3 mmol/L, very-low-density lipoproteins <1 mmol/L and an atherogenic coefficient up to 3 CU, myocyte and cardiomyocyte destruction (total CPK >100 U/L and CPK-MB >15 U/L), normal liver function (alanine aminotransferase <25 U/L), renal dysfunction (total protein <75 g/L, urea >8 mmol/L and blood creatinine >100 pmol/L), normal thrombopoiesis (immature platelet fraction <5%) and the state of functional adaptive system resistance (blood lymphocytes <30% and neutrophils >4x109/L).Conclusion. According to this in vitro analysis, the trimetazidine significantly increases (by an average of 37%) the cell (WBC) viability in 60% of patients with CAD. There are conditions of patient initial status, which specifies an individual pharmacodynamic target for the cytoprotective action of the drug.

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“…Other methods are needed to study the morphological features of blood cells such as tetrachrome blood staining [16]. Hematological investigations usually require other types of staining, for example, eosin methylene blue [17], Diff-Quik stain kit modified Romanowsky rapid stain [18], Wright's stain [19], Pappenheim stain [20,21], and May-Grünwald stain [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative staining of Rhinolophus spp. white blood cells in blood smears

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: A drawback of studies on bat blood smears in the field is the lack of time for fixation because blood sampling using a non-lethal method often provides less time for fixation in smear preparations due to the small volume of blood collected. Usually, there is insufficient blood for another smear preparation, so it is necessary to use blood smears as rationally as possible, especially for rare bats. Many stains are used for staining peripheral blood smears, and they have advantages and disadvantages. This study aimed to examine commonly used stains for blood smears to select the best stain for staining peripheral blood smears in bats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 48 blood smears of Rhinolophus spp. bats were examined using several blood staining methods. Four methods that showed the best results were used in further experiments: Romanowsky-Giemsa, Pappenheim, hematoxylin-eosin, and eosin methylene blue. Results: Comparative analysis of different methods for staining bat blood smears revealed that the most convenient method for analyzing blood cells is Pappenheim method. Conclusion: Staining blood smears using Pappenheim method yield the least number of unsuccessful blood smear stains and are quite effective for the morphological analysis of blood cells.

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Morphology and Composition of Peripheral Blood Cells during Hibernation in Bats (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) of Northwestern Russia

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Dynamic Function and Composition Shift in Circulating Innate Immune Cells in Hibernating Garden Dormice

Dynamic Function and Composition Shift in Circulating Innate Immune Cells in Hibernating Garden Dormice

Personalized trimetazidine prescription as a cytoprotective agent in patients with coronary artery disease

Comparative staining of Rhinolophus spp. white blood cells in blood smears

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