Morphology and Molecular Characterization of a Fungus from the <i>Alternaria alternata</i> Species Complex Causing Black Spots on <i>Pyrus sinkiangensis</i> (Koerle pear)

Aung, Sein Lai Lai; Liu, Hai Feng; Pei, Dong Fang; Lu, B. B.; Oo, May Moe; Deng, Jun

doi:10.1080/12298093.2020.1745476

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For example, both strains YZU 181050 and YZU 181280 are similar in sporulation, but strain YZU 181280 is characterized by comprising larger conidia with blunted beak up to 71.5 μm long (Figure 3). The morphological boundary of A. alternata has not been clearly defined yet and how to classify them accurately needs further study (Aung et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria species in section Alternaria associated with Iris plants in China

Gou

Aung²,

Htun³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Plants of the Iris genus have been widely cultivated because of their medicinal, ornamental, and economic values. It commonly suffers from Alternaria leaf spot or blight disease leading to considerable losses for their commercial values. During an investigation of 14 provinces or municipalities of China from 2014 to 2022, a total of 122 Alternaria strains in section Alternaria were obtained from diseased leaves of Iris spp.. Among them, 12 representative strains were selected and identified based on morphological characterization and multi-locus phylogenetic analysis, which encompassed the internal transcribed spacer of rDNA region (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1), RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2), Alternaria major allergen gene (Alt a 1), an anonymous gene region (OPA10-2), and endopolygalacturonase gene (EndoPG). The strains comprised two known species of A. alternata and A. iridicola, and two new species of A. setosae and A. tectorum, which were described and illustrated here. Their pathogenicity evaluated on Iris setosa indicated that all the strains could induce typical Alternaria leaf spot or blight symptoms. The results showed that the virulence was variable among those four species, from which A. tectorum sp. nov. was the most virulent one, followed by A. setosae sp. nov., A. iridicola and A. alternata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria species in section Alternaria associated with Iris plants in China

Gou

Aung²,

Htun³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Previously, this species was reported as an endophyte from A. corniculatum and Avicennia marina . This species is the causative agent of leaf spot disease in several plants (Chen, 2018;Aung. 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and bioactive profile of endophytic mycoflora in mangroves

Revathy

Mohan

Kesavan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The present study deals with the mangrove associated endophytic fungi and their bioactivity profile. The fungal endophytes were isolated from the leaves of three mangrove species (Aegiceras corniculatum, Lumnitzera racemosa and Ceriops tagal) and identified by morphological and molecular methods (Internal Transcribed Spacer and β-tubulin (Ben A) sequencing). The isolates mainly belonged to Ascomycota (95%) and the Basidiomycota comprised only 5%. They come under 5 classes, 11 orders, 16 genera and 25 species. Under Ascomycota, four classes, viz., Sordariomycetes (44.5%), Eurotiomycetes (32.46%), Dothideomycetes (17.28%) and Saccharomycetes (1.83%) comprising 10 orders were recorded. Under Basidiomycota a single class viz., Agaricomycetes (3.93%) comprising 1 order (Agaricales) was observed. Colletotrichum (30.2%) was the dominant genus followed by Aspergillus (17.8%), Penicillium (14.1%), Phyllosticta (9.1%) etc. Penicillium citrinum was the dominant fungus (22%) in A. corniculatum; Colletotrichum siamense (31%) in L. racemosa and Aspergillus sydowii (35%) in C. tagal (Fig. 3). Among the isolates, the Colonization frequency (CF%) was maximum for Colletotrichum siamense (18%) followed by Phyllosticta capitalensis (11.6%). Penicillium citrinum was found in all the three plant species. Isolates from Ceriops tagal were found to exhibit higher antibacterial as well as hydrolytic enzyme production potential. Aspergillus montevidensis EF 30, Cladosporium oxysporum EF 316, Colletotrichum siamense EF 272, Penicillium chrysogenum EF 362, Colletotrichum fruticola EF 22, Ascotricha chartarum EF 374, Aspergillus sydowii EF 239, Talaromyces purpurogenus EF 313, Meyerozyma caribbica EF 347 and Schizophyllum commune EF 309 were segregated as potential strains for hydrolytic enzyme production. A. aculeatus EF 10, T. purpurogenus EF 313, C. oxysporum EF 316, C. fruticola EF 74, P. capitalensis EF 187, A. sydowi EF 226 and P. chrysogenum EF 363 showed notable antimicrobial property. T purprogenus EF 313 endowed with pigment (red) production has potential for application in dyeing industry. During the current study, 25 different species of endophytic fungal species could be recovered from three host mangrove plants and some of them were having high bioactive potential for possible commercial applications with respect to bioremediation and as antimicrobials in medicine and aquaculture.

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“…The pathogenicity of the isolate ( Table 1 ) was also tested on pear fruits from two Pyrus communis cultivars (Abate Fetel as a global cultivar and Decana del Comizio as an Italian cultivar). The experiment was performed as described by Aung et al (2020) [ 31 ] with some modifications. Briefly, the fruits were surface-sterilized by dipping in 70% of EtOH for 2 min and then washed with sterilized distilled water 3 times.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria alternata Isolated from Infected Pears (Pyrus communis) in Italy Produces Non-Host Toxins and Hydrolytic Enzymes as Infection Mechanisms and Exhibits Competitive Exclusion against Botrytis cinerea in Co-Infected Host Fruits

Castaldi

Zorrilla

Petrillo

et al. 2023

JoF

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Alternaria alternata is one of the most devastating phytopathogenic fungi. This microorganism causes black spots in many fruits and vegetables worldwide, generating significant post-harvest losses. In this study, an A. alternata strain, isolated from infected pears (Pyrus communis) harvested in Italy, was characterized by focusing on its pathogenicity mechanisms and competitive exclusion in the presence of another pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. In in vitro assays, the fungus produces strong enzymatic activities such as amylase, xylanase, and cellulase, potentially involved during the infection. Moreover, it secretes four different toxins purified and identified as altertoxin I, alteichin, alternariol, and alternariol 4-methyl ether. Only alteichin generated necrotic lesions on host-variety pears, while all the compounds showed moderate to slight necrotic activity on non-host pears and other non-host fruit (lemon, Citrus limon), indicating they are non-host toxins. Interestingly, A. alternata has shown competitive exclusion to the competitor fungus Botrytis cinerea when co-inoculated in host and non-host pear fruits, inhibiting its growth by 70 and 65%, respectively, a result not observed in a preliminary characterization in a dual culture assay. Alteichin and alternariol 4-methyl ether tested against B. cinerea had the best inhibition activity, suggesting that the synergism of these toxins and enzymatic activities of A. alternata are probably involved in the competitive exclusion dynamics in host and non-host pear fruits.

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Morphology and Molecular Characterization of a Fungus from the Alternaria alternata Species Complex Causing Black Spots on Pyrus sinkiangensis (Koerle pear)

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Alternaria species in section Alternaria associated with Iris plants in China

Alternaria species in section Alternaria associated with Iris plants in China

Diversity and bioactive profile of endophytic mycoflora in mangroves

Alternaria alternata Isolated from Infected Pears (Pyrus communis) in Italy Produces Non-Host Toxins and Hydrolytic Enzymes as Infection Mechanisms and Exhibits Competitive Exclusion against Botrytis cinerea in Co-Infected Host Fruits

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