Morphology and phase distributions of molten core in a reactor vessel

Song, J. H.; An, SangMo; Kim, Jong-Yun; Barrachin, M.; Piar, Bruno; Michel, Bieth

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152471

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Fischer et al [124] by repeating the same experiments with two BWR corium compositions (U/Zr = 0.83, same Cn, without and with 1.4 wt.% B4C) put in evidence in the post-test analyses, the zirconium diboride as the phase trapping boron. The presence of ZrB2 in the metallic phase was also reported in An et al [125] and Song et al [126]. From these observations, it can be expected that the effect of boron is to decrease the metallic zirconium amount previously available for the reduction of the UO2 and ZrO2 oxides since one part is chemically associated to boron to form zirconium diboride.…”

Section: High Temperature Regime (Above 2200 • C)supporting

confidence: 74%

“…The ternary boron-oxygen based system as B-Fe-O, B-Zr-O, B-Cr-O and B-Ni-O have been considered as the first priority, not only for the oxide part (B 2 O 3 -MxO y ) for which few data have been reported but also for the metallic-oxide part of these systems. Such data could improve the description of the distribution of the elements between the metallic and the oxide phase in the molten pool in the presence of a significant amount of boron [126].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corium Experimental Thermodynamics: A Review and Some Perspectives

Barrachin

2021

Thermo

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More than 30 years ago a specialist meeting was held at Joint Research Center Ispra (Italy) from 15 to 17 January 1990 to review the current understanding of chemistry during severe accidents in light water reactors (LWR). Let us consider that, at the end of the 1980s, thermodynamics introduced in the severe accident codes was really poor. Only some equilibrium constants for a few simple reactions between stoichiometric compounds were used as well as some simple correlations giving estimates of solidus and liquidus temperatures. In the same time, the CALPHAD method was developed and was full of promise to approximate the thermodynamic properties of a complex thermochemical system by the way of a critical assessment of experimental data, a definition of a simple physical model and an optimisation procedure to define the values of the model parameters. It was evident that a nuclear thermodynamic database had to be developed with that new technique to obtain quite rapidly prominent progress in the knowledge of thermochemistry in the severe accident research area. Discussions focused on the important chemical phenomena that could occur across the wide range of conditions of a damaged nuclear plant. The most pressing need for improved chemical models is identified with condensed phase mixtures to model the corium progression. This paper reviews more than 30 years of experimental data production in the field of corium thermodynamics. This work has been conducted through multiple international programs (EURATOM, ISTC, OECD) as well as through more specific studies conducted at the national scale. This research has been capitalised in specific databases such as NUCLEA and TAF-ID, databases developed at IRSN and at CEA, respectively, and are now used in degradation models of the severe accident simulation codes. This research is presented in this paper. In the conclusion, we outline the research perspectives that need to be considered in order to address today’s and tomorrow’s issues.

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Section: High Temperature Regime (Above 2200 • C)supporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corium Experimental Thermodynamics: A Review and Some Perspectives

Barrachin

2021

Thermo

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“…Therefore, the correlations employed for the fluid flow and heat transfer in a severe accident analysis code have model parameters to allow a range of predictions. As degradation of core fuels and neighboring materials at high temperature near 3000 K experiences phase change, it has to handle thermodynamics of multi-component system of UO 2 , Zr, ZrO 2 , stainless steel, and B 4 C [20]. In addition, phenomenon-specific model parameters such as flame speed for the hydrogen combustion calculation, range of the size of aerosols for fission product transport, size particulate debris bed for heat transfer, and melting temperature of composite materials are allowed to have a range [10][11][12].…”

Section: Severe Accident Analysis Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on a Severe Accident Consequences—10 Years after the Fukushima Accident

Song

2021

JNE

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Scientific issues that draw international attention from the public and experts during the last 10 years after the Fukushima accident are discussed. An assessment of current severe accident analysis methodology, impact on the views of nuclear reactor safety, dispute on the safety of fishery products, discharge of radioactive water to the ocean, status of decommissioning, and needs for long-term monitoring of the environment are discussed.

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