Solar energy is the most promising, efficient, environmentally
friendly energy source with the potential to meet global demand due
to its non-polluting nature. Herein, a porous Zn1–x
Cd
x
Se/ZnO nanorod (NR)
heterojunction was synthesized by hydrothermal and low-temperature
solvothermal methods. First, the ZnO NR was grown on a Zinc foil,
and an inorganic–organic hybrid ZnSe(en)0.5 material
was developed by the low-temperature solvothermal method. In this
work, the ZnO NR acted as a base material and a building block for
the growth of ZnSe(en)0.5. Moreover, after the solvothermal
process, the reduced Se2– reacts with the ZnO NR
and forms inorganic–organic hybrid ZnSe(en)0.5.
After the selenization process, the obtained material shows a red
brick color due to the absorbance of excessive Se metal particles
during the solvothermal process. Furthermore, in order to enhance
the photoelectrochemical properties, the Cd2+ ion exchange
method was applied at various temperatures (140, 160, and 180 °C
for 3 h) to produce a precursor material to a porous Zn1–x
Cd
x
Se/ZnO NR nanostructure.
The optimum Zn1–x
Cd
x
Se/ZnO NR-160 photoanode showed a high photocurrent
density of 7.8 mA·cm–2 at −0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl with a hydrogen evolution rate of 199 μmol·cm–2/3 h. The improved photocurrent performance was attributed
to effective light absorption and prolonged recombination lifetime.