Morphology control strategies for solution-processed organic semiconductor thin films

Diao, Ying; Shaw, Leo; Bao, Zhenan; Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B.

doi:10.1039/c4ee00688g

Cited by 584 publications

(584 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, to make organic electronics competitive with the inorganic counterparts and to promote a competitive market entry, the fabrication process should rely on very simple and inexpensive approaches, in which the deposition of the organic semiconductors should ideally be performed from solution in ambient conditions. [3,4] During the last years, significant progresses have been made toward the development of viable printed electronics based on solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). [5][6][7] The general guidelines for the requirements of OFETs are: low processing temperature (<120ºC), [8] high on/off ratio (>10 6 ), [9] high reproducibility, [10] high uniformity [11] and high stability (temperature, [12] bias stress [13] and lifetime [14] ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Pozo

Fabiano

Pfattner

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

122

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In electronics, the field-effect transistor (FET) is a crucial corner stone and successful integration of this semiconductor device into circuit applications requires stable and ideal electrical characteristics over a wide range of temperatures and environments. Solution processing, using printing or coating techniques, has been explored to manufacture organic field-effect transistors (OFET) on flexible carriers; enabling radically novel electronics applications. Ideal electrical characteristics, in organic materials, are typically only found in single crystals. Tiresome growth and manipulation of these hamper practical production of flexible OFETs circuits. To date, neither devices nor any circuits, based on solution-processed 2 OFETs, has exhibited an ideal set of characteristics similar or better than today's FET technology based on amorphous silicon (a-Si FETs). Here, we report bar-assisted meniscus shearing of dibenzo-tetrathiafulvalene to coat-process self-organized crystalline organic semiconducting domains with high reproducibility. Including these coatings as the channel in OFETs, we observe electric field-and temperature-independent charge carrier mobility and no bias stress effects. Further, we measure record-high gain in OFET inverters and exceptional operational stability in both air and water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Pozo

Fabiano

Pfattner

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

122

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“…There is a wide variety of solution processing techniques used to deposit uniform, low-roughness films (27). Spin-casting is a popular laboratory-scale deposition technique due to its simplicity and ability to deposit high-quality films with a variety of materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh electrical conductivity in solution-sheared polymeric transparent films

Worfolk

Andrews

Park

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

267

226

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With consumer electronics transitioning toward flexible products, there is a growing need for high-performance, mechanically robust, and inexpensive transparent conductors (TCs) for optoelectronic device integration. Herein, we report the scalable fabrication of highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films via solution shearing. Specific control over deposition conditions allows for tunable phase separation and preferential PEDOT backbone alignment, resulting in record-high electrical conductivities of 4,600 ± 100 S/cm while maintaining high optical transparency. High-performance solution-sheared TC PEDOT:PSS films were used as patterned electrodes in capacitive touch sensors and organic photovoltaics to demonstrate practical viability in optoelectronic applications.transparent conductor | solution shearing | PEDOT:PSS

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“…Solution-based approaches [13], suited for both small molecules and polymers with solubilizing side chains, include spin and spray coating, solutioncoating with fluid control, epitaxy, solvent-annealing and nucleation techniques -to just name a few. Vacuum processing [14], by contrast, is only applicable to small-molecular semiconductors, where vapour-phase deposition enables the fabrication of high-purity thin films with good control over thickness and chemical composition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The (Non-)Local Density of States of Electronic Excitations in Organic Semiconductors

Poelking

2018

Springer Theses

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The (Non-)Local Density of States of Electronic Excitations in Organic Semiconductors The rational design of organic semiconductors for optoelectronic devices relies on a detailed understanding of how their molecular and morphological structure condition the energetics and dynamics of charged and excitonic states. Investigating the role of molecular architecture, conformation, orientation and packing, this work reveals mechanisms that shape the spatially resolved densities of states in organic, small-molecular and polymeric heterostructures and mesophases. The underlying computational framework combines multiscale simulations of the material morphology at atomistic and coarse-grained resolution with a long-range-polarized embedding technique to resolve the electronic structure of the molecular solid. We show that longrange electrostatic interactions tie the energetics of microscopic states to the mesoscopic structure, with a qualitative and quantitative impact on charge-carrier level profiles across organic interfaces. The computational approach provides quantitative access to the charge-density-dependent opencircuit voltage of planar heterojunctions. The derived and experimentally verified relationships between molecular orientation, architecture, level profiles and open-circuit voltage rationalize the acceptor-donor-acceptor pattern for donor materials in high-performing solar cells. Proposing a pathway for barrier-less dissociation of charge transfer states, we highlight how mesoscale fields generate charge splitting and detrapping forces in systems with finite interface roughness. The associated design rules reflect the dominant role played by lowest-energy configurations at the interface. Acknowledgements 121 Die (nicht-)lokale Zustandsdichte elektronischer Anregungen in organischen Halbleitern List of Publications 123Bibliography 125 Chapter 1 Organic Electronics in a NutshellThe discovery of conductive polymers in the 1970s [1,2] -rewarded with the Nobel prize in chemistry in the year 2000 -and subsequent development of the first polymeric electronic devices in the 1980s [3-5] have marked the beginnings of a vast interdisciplinary research field referred to as organic electronics. Drawing from both polymeric and small-molecular semiconductors, organic thin-film transistors, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors and sensors name just a few out of many applications that make use of the supreme chemical versatility and mechanical flexibility of the underlying "soft" molecular materials. Furthermore enabling low-temperature solution-based processing, printing and spray coating, organic electronics is set to complement the conventional silicon-based electronics in diverse waysadding functionality and improving sustainability. This introductory chapter will provide a short review of the materials and device physics, as well as of new trends and challenges that emerged in the field over the past decade. MaterialsOrganic semiconductors are molecular materials that exist at the interface between orga...

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Morphology control strategies for solution-processed organic semiconductor thin films

Abstract: Solution-based deposition techniques and strategies to control the morphology of organic semiconductor thin films are reviewed and discussed.

Cited by 584 publications

References 112 publications

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Ultrahigh electrical conductivity in solution-sheared polymeric transparent films

The (Non-)Local Density of States of Electronic Excitations in Organic Semiconductors

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