“…Accurate segmentation of infant brain MR images into white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in this critical phase is of great importance for studying the normal and abnormal early brain development Hanson et al, 2013;Li et al, 2014a;Li et al, 2013a;Li et al, 2014b;Li et al, 2013bLi et al, , 2014cLi et al, 2014d;Li et al, 2014e;Lyall et al, 2014;Nie et al, 2012;Nie et al, 2014;Verma et al, 2005). However, the segmentation of infant brain MRI is challenging due to the reduced tissue contrast (Weisenfeld and Warfield, 2009), increased noise, severe partial volume effect (Xue et al, 2007), and ongoing white matter myelination (Gui et al, 2012;Weisenfeld and Warfield, 2009). In fact, there are three distinct stages in the first-year brain MR images, including (1) infantile stage (≤5 months), (2) isointense stage (6-8 months), and (3) early adult-like stage (≥9 months).…”