Morphology of antennal, maxillary palp and labial palp sensilla in different larval instars of the Asian long‐horned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Abstract

Xu, L., Zhang, L., Yang, Y., Ren, L., Wang, T. and Zong, S. 2015. Morphology of antennal, maxillary palp and labial palp sensilla in different larval instars of the Asian long-horned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). -Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00: 000-000.The Asian long-horned beetle (ALB) is one of the most important international trunk-boring insect pests of forest trees, which has caused enormous losses in the forests of China, the USA and some countries in Europe. To investigate the morphology of the antennal, maxillary palp and labial palp sensilla in the five larval instars of the ALB, scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the typology, morphology, number and distribution of the sensilla. The antennae had two types of sensilla: the sensilla twig basiconica (s.t.b.) and sensilla basiconica. Three different types of sensilla were observed on the maxillary palps, which were the sensilla digitiformia, the sensilla chaetica and the s.t.b. The labial palps had two types of sensilla: the sensilla chaetica and the s.t.b. The s.t.b. had seven total subtypes, and the sensilla basiconica had two subtypes. The typology, quantity and distribution of sensilla on the antennae, maxillary palps and labial palps remained constant in the five larval instars, but the dimensions of all sensilla types increased throughout the development. We discussed the mechanoreception and the chemoreception of ALB larvae inside the host tree to provide a theoretical understanding and information for further research on the behaviour and the electrophysiology of this devastating forest pest.Shi-xiang Zong, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University,

Development of mouthparts in the cicada Meimuna mongolica (Distant): successive morphological patterning and sensilla differentiation from nymph to adult

“…We found them concentrated within the 21–30 cm-deep soil layer47, which may harbor the largest numbers of small roots and therefore provide the most abundant food source for cicada nymphs48. The more homogeneous subterranean microhabitat of nymphs may partially explain the limited types and numbers of sensilla present on nymphal mouthparts49. For adults, a greater variety of sensilla may be necessary to facilitate selection of feeding sites, selecting conspecific mates and finding suitable oviposition sites50.…”

Comparative morphology of sensilla on antenna, maxillary palp and labial palp of larvae of Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus (Olivier) and E. brandti (Harold) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

“…Sensilla with similar morphometrics are observed in many insects, including Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Nitidula carnaria Schaller (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), Languria mozaradi Latreille (Coleoptera: Languriidae), Chrysolina aeruginosa Fald (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Hypera postica (gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae;Bland 1983;Baker and Ellsbury 1989;Bloom et al 1982;Farazmand and Chaika 2008;Giglio et al 2013;Ortloff et al 2014;Xu et al 2017). Sensilla with similar morphometrics are observed in many insects, including Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Nitidula carnaria Schaller (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), Languria mozaradi Latreille (Coleoptera: Languriidae), Chrysolina aeruginosa Fald (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Hypera postica (gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae;Bland 1983;Baker and Ellsbury 1989;Bloom et al 1982;Farazmand and Chaika 2008;Giglio et al 2013;Ortloff et al 2014;Xu et al 2017).…”

“…Sensilla basiconica are also found on Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Seolytinae) and (Chen et al 2010;Eilers et al 2012;Xu et al 2017). From Coleoptera, we described the sensilla on the antenna, maxillary palp and labial palp of E. scrobiculatus and E. brandti larvae for the first time.…”

“…The sensilla of larvae are used to monitor the environment and select and reject foods. At present, the research on the sensilla of larvae is focused on Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera (Albert 1980;Baker and Ellsbury 1989;Ross and Anderson 1991;Shields 1994;Cobb 1999;Baker et al 2000;Giglio et al 2013;Xu et al 2017). Four types of sensilla are found on the antenna of adults of E. scrobiculatus and E. brandti, namely Bohm's bristles, sensilla chaetica (subtypes 1-6), sensilla basiconica (subtypes 1 and 2) and sensilla trichodea (subtypes 1 and 2; Yu et al 2013).…”

Comparative morphology of sensilla on antenna, maxillary palp and labial palp of larvae of white‐spotted and yellow‐spotted Asian long‐horned beetle,Anoplophora glabripennisMotschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

“…Studies on ALB management have been conducted to reduce the economic loss caused by the ALB (Hérard et al 2006;Scully et al 2013;Palmer et al 2014). At present, only limited information is available on the cephalic sensilla of different larval instars of the ALB larva (Xu et al 2015). However, to date, the sensilla on antennae, maxillary palp and labial palp of white-spotted and yellow-spotted ALB larvae have not been examined.…”