Morphology of crystal growth at polymorphic transformations in KNO3, AgNO3, and NH4NO3 single crystals

Asadov, Yu. G.; Nasirov, V. I.; Jabrailova, G. A.

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(72)90318-1

Cited by 14 publications

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“…[102] This transition seems to be the less problematic and references appear to point at a single temperature transition. Nonetheless, Asadov et al [103] claimed that it is reversible when working within a temperature range 400-397 K. Kawashima et al [104] reported an anomalous temperature dependence of ultraviolet absorption spectra near the transition point. They linked this result to anomalies in the dielectric and lattice constants of KNO3.…”

Section: Potassium Nitrate 41 Crystal Structure Polymorphism and Phas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism, crystal growth, crystal morphology and solid-state miscibility of alkali nitrates

Benages‐Vilau

Calvet

Cuevas‐Diarte

2013

Crystallography Reviews

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In this review, we recollect and discuss the most relevant advancement in crystallographic aspects of alkali nitrates compounds published since 1975, the year of publication of the last review by Rao et al. about some topics discussed here. This review is focused in five nitrate compounds of the first periodic table column: LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3, RbNO3 and CsNO3. For each one, we have compiled the information about crystal structure, polymorphism and phase transition, crystal growth and crystal morphology, and the phase diagram and solid-state miscibility results. Considerable numbers of papers have been published in the last 40 years, in particular in relation to binary phase diagrams and solidstate miscibility of alkali nitrates. A variety of phase diagram descriptions appears in the 10 possible binary combinations for the five compounds. To finish, we discuss and propose a geometric model in order to explain the different binary phase diagrams observed between these compounds. 4 2. Lithium nitrate 2.1. Crystal structure, polymorphism and phase transitions As Rao et al. [6] have shown, lithium nitrate crystallizes in rhombohedral (calcite type), R3 � c group with Z = 6, a = 4.692Å and c = 15.22Å at 298 K. There is no evidence for a phase transition in the thermodynamic properties from 298K to the melting point.[10] However, discontinuities in the absorption coefficient [11] and changes in electric properties [12] may indicate an orientational disorder transition on nitrate groups just like NaNO3 or NH4NO3.After Rao et al., onlyWu et al. [13] determined the LiNO3 crystal structure. The authors give a significant variation in the c-parameter as can be seen in Table 1. The unit cell determined by Wu et al. [13] is presented in Figure 1, where blue spheres are lithium ions and red spheres are oxygen atoms. These authors grew the crystal from the melt and despite not having a good single crystal they were able to determine its structure. According to them, LiNO3 is isostructural to both calcite (CaCO3) and nitratine (NaNO3). No evidence has been found for a high-temperature phase. Moreover, Stromme [33] modelled a positional ordered equilibrium structure of LiNO3 at all temperatures.Accordingly, LiNO3 has only one structure as a function of temperature, as is recollected in Table 1. Crystal growthWe have not found any paper related to anhydrous lithium nitrate growth because it is deliquescent. Nonetheless, Chernov and Sipyagin [7] gave some kinetic data for LiNO3 • 3H2O compound, which is not of interest for this review. MorphologyAs far as we know, neither theoretical nor experimental morphology is reported for lithium nitrate crystals. However, we expect that the theoretical growth morphology determined by the Bravais-Friedel-Donnay-Harker (BFDH) method will be equal to that of calcite [34] and nitratine [35] because they are isostructural crystals. Therefore, {012}, {012 � } and {001} forms appear in the theoretical growth morphology (Figure 2).

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Section: Potassium Nitrate 41 Crystal Structure Polymorphism and Phas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism, crystal growth, crystal morphology and solid-state miscibility of alkali nitrates

Benages‐Vilau

Calvet

Cuevas‐Diarte

2013

Crystallography Reviews

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“…Accordingly, and since no orientation relations were recognizable, the structural transformation AgNO 3 II <159°C> I has been accepted as reconstructive (Asadov, 1968;Asadov, Nasirov & Jabrailova, 1972). This transformation has provided exceptionally extensive data on the kinetics of advance of a phase interface in single-crystal platelets (Kennedy & Schultz, 1963).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural relationships between the polymorphs of silver nitrate

Fraser¹,

Kennedy²,

Taylor³

1977

Acta Crystallogr Sect B

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The Ammonium Nitrate‐Potassium Nitrate System

Cady

1981

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Das System AmmoniumnitratKaliumnitratEin Teil des binaren Phasendiagramms fur das System Ammoniumnitrat/Kaliumnitrat wurde im Temperaturbereich -55 "C bis + 185 "C bestimmt. Ergebnisse werden dargestellt fur das ammoniumnitratreiche Ende des Systems bis zu einem Gewichtsanteil von 30% Kaliumnitrat. Le systtme nitrate d'ammoniumlnitrate de potassiumOn a ktabli, pour la gamme de tempkratures allant de -55 "C B + 185 "C, une partie du diagramme d'kquilibre du systeme binaire nitrate d'ammonium/nitrate de potassium. Les rksultats sont prksentks pour la partie du systbme riche en nitrate d'ammonium jusqu'h une teneur pondkrale de 30% de nitrate de potassium. SummaryA portion of the binary phase diagram for the system ammonium nitrate-potassium nitrate has been determined from -55 "C to 185 "C. Results are presented for the ammonium-nitrate-rich end of the system up to 30 wt% potassium nitrate.

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Morphology of crystal growth at polymorphic transformations in KNO3, AgNO3, and NH4NO3 single crystals

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Polymorphism, crystal growth, crystal morphology and solid-state miscibility of alkali nitrates

Polymorphism, crystal growth, crystal morphology and solid-state miscibility of alkali nitrates

Structural relationships between the polymorphs of silver nitrate

The Ammonium Nitrate‐Potassium Nitrate System

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