The three-dimensional architecture of the isthmic myosalpinx in the guinea pig was investigated by means of a technique that involves stretching the myosalpinx under a dissecting microscope followed by selective digestion of the interstitial connective tissue with KOH and, finally, observation under a scanning electron microscope. The images obtained in this way prove that the myosalpinx is arranged in single bundles of smooth muscle cells which essentially do not show any specific geometrical course. Furthermore, smooth muscle cell bundles following an oblique course, not referred in the literature prior to this report, were demonstrated. These new three-dimensional microanatomical results call for a reevaluation of the functional role of oviduct motility.