Morphology of the Brain of Crayfish, Crabs, and Spiny Lobsters: A Common Nomenclature for Homologous Structures

Sandeman, D. C.; Sandeman, Renate; Derby, Charles D.; Schmidt, Manfred

doi:10.2307/1542217

Cited by 334 publications

(365 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although localization of a number of neurotransmitters and other neuroactive factors within the CNS of decapod crustaceans has provided insight into the presynaptic circuitry. little biochemical or molecular evidence exists to suggest postsynaptic receptor pathways that might couple to hGa~1 (Kobierski et al, 1987;Orona et al, 1990;Sandeman et al, 1992;Schmidt and Ache, l994a,b). One exception is phototransduction, because the lnsP3 pathway and Ga4 mediate phototransduction in Drosophila (Minke and Zelinger, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the numerical nomenclature proposed by Sandeman et al (1992), these were clusters 6, 8-11, 13, 14, 16, and 17. In addition, labeling of a few cells just lateral to the mid- and I I contain motor neurons as well as the local interneurons, which innervate the olfactory and accessory neuropils (Sandeman et al, 1992). Within the clusters, labeling was uniform and did not appear to identify any subregions that might localize functionally similar groups of neurons within these cell clusters.…”

Section: Hgaq Mrna Is Expressed In Cns Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gα_q Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

McClintock

Quintero

et al. 1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Abstract:We have isolated from an American lobster (Homarus americanus) olfactory organ cDNA library a clone, hGaq, with >80% identity to mammalian and arthropod Gaq sequences. In brain and olfactory organ, hGcsq mRNA was expressed predominantly in neurons, including virtually all the neuronal cell body clusters of the brain. Gaq protein was also expressed broadly, appearing on western blots as a single band of 46 kDa in brain, eyestalk, pereiopod, dactyl, tail muscle, olfactory organ, and aesthetasc hairs. These results suggest that hGaq plays a role in a wide variety of signal transduction events. Its presence in the olfactory aesthetasc hairs, which are almost pure preparations of the outer dendrites of the olfactory receptor neurons, the expression of a single hGcsq mRNA species (6 kb) in the olfactory organ, and the localization of hGaq mRNA predominantly in the olfactory receptor neurons of the olfactory organ strongly suggest that one function of hGaq is to mediate olfactory transduction. Key Words: Olfaction-G protein-Signal transduction -Crustaceans-Lobster. J. Neurochem. 68, 2248-2254 (1997).Olfactory transduction can be mediated by either the cyclic adenosine 3 '-monophosphate (cAMP) or the i nositol 1 ‚4,5-trisphosphate (InsP 3) pathways, with odorants activating both in most species (Ache, 1994;Dionne and Dubin, 1994). The roles such dual transduction pathways might play depend on whether they interact within individual olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) or whether they are separated by odor sensitivity, odor concentration dependence, or exclusive expression patterns. In mammalian ciliary membrane preparations, there is a complete separation of the odor sensitivity of the cAMP and InsP1 pathways (Boekhoff et al., 1990; Breer and Boekhoff, 1991), although ORNs in culture may show activation of both pathways by an odorant (Ronnett et al., 1991). However, the total absence of odor responses in mice lacking functional olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channels suggests that the (lnsP3) pathway is not a primary transduction pathway (Brunet et al., 1996). Although these conflicting results raise doubts about the role of InsP3 in olfactory transduction in mammals, results from other species are more definitive. In catfish, both pathways are activated by odorants (Huque and Bruch, 1986;Bruch and Teeter, 1990) and conductances activated by each appear to occur in virtually all catfish ORNs (Miyamoto et al., 1992). This suggests that both pathways can coexist in a single ORN. In lobster ORNs this coexistence was established in single-cell recordings of the summation of depolarizing receptor potentials caused by odor-evoked InsPproduction and hyperpolarizing receptor potentials caused by odorevoked cAMP production (McClintock and Ache, 1989b;Michel et al., 1991;Fadool and Ache, 1992;Boekhoff et al., 1994;Hatt and Ache, 1994;Michel and Ache, 1994). The discovery that virtually all odorants can cause depolarizations in one lobster ORN but hyperpolarizations in another supports the hypothesis that this interactio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hgaq Mrna Is Expressed In Cns Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gα_q Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

McClintock

Quintero

et al. 1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…A second fine fiber present in the superior esophageal nerve (son) could not be associated definitively with any of the neurons in the CoG. B: each L-cell soma (arrows) in the paired commissural ganglia gave rise to a single large-caliber axon that exited the ganglion and ascended toward the brain along the lateral edge of the C conn. After its reversal of direction (C and D) the L-cell axon (arrowheads) coursed past the CoG along the medial edge of the C conn. C: within the brain, groups of THli somata were present within the anterior medial ventral protocerebrum (filled arrowhead; cluster 6 according to the nomenclature of Sandeman et al 1992) and laterally in cluster 12 of the deutocerebrum (unfilled arrowhead). Prominent bundles of THli fibers, probably originating from neurons in the eyestalk ganglia , projected from the optic nerve (opt.…”

Section: Dopaminergic Regulation Of the Cardiac System: Anatomical Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of an Integrated Central Pattern Generator–Effector System: Dopaminergic Regulation of Cardiac Activity in the Blue CrabCallinectes sapidus

Fort

Březina²,

Miller³

2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Fort, Timothy J., Vladimir Brezina, and Mark W. Miller. Modulation of an integrated central pattern generator-effector system: dopaminergic regulation of cardiac activity in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. J Neurophysiol 92: 3455-3470, 2004; doi:10.1152/ jn.00550.2004. Theoretical studies have suggested that the output of a central pattern generator (CPG) must be matched to the properties of its peripheral effector system to ensure production of functional behavior. One way that such matching could be achieved is through coordinated central and peripheral modulation. In this study, morphological and physiological methods were used to examine the sources and actions of dopaminergic modulation in the cardiac system of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Immunohistochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) revealed a prominent neuron in the commissural ganglion, the L-cell, that projected a large-diameter axon to the pericardial organ (PO) by an indirect and circuitous route. Within the PO, the L-cell axon gave rise to fine varicose fibers, suggesting that it releases dopamine in a neurohormonal fashion onto the heart musculature. In addition, one branch of the axon continued beyond the PO to the heart, where it innervated the anterior motor neurons and the posterior pacemaker region of the cardiac ganglion (CG). In physiological experiments, exogenous dopamine produced multiple effects on contraction and motor neuron burst parameters that corresponded to the dual central-peripheral modulation suggested by the L-cell morphology. Interestingly, parameters of the ganglionic motor output were modulated differently in the isolated CG and in a novel semiintact system where the CG remained embedded within the heart musculature. These observations suggest a critical role of feedback from the periphery to the CG and underscore the requirement for integration of peripheral (neurohormonal) actions and direct ganglionic modulation in the regulation of this exceptionally simple system.

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“…The exteroceptive reflexes act on multiple task groups to modulate the behaviour of the whole organism. In invertebrates, the brain is the locus of integration of exteroceptive inputs to activate descending commands (Sandeman et al 1992). At the level of innate behaviour, the brain mediates layered exteroceptive sensory-motor reflexes to control processes such as taxes, tactile navigation, righting and rheotaxis (Kennedy & Davis 1977).…”

Section: Electronic Nervous Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic approaches to the control of underwater walking machines

Ayers

Witting

2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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We have developed a biomimetic robot based on the American lobster. The robot is designed to achieve the performance advantages of the animal model by adopting biomechanical features and neurobiological control principles. Three types of controllers are described. The first is a state machine based on the connectivity and dynamics of the lobster central pattern generator (CPG). The state machine controls myomorphic actuators based on shape memory alloys (SMAs) and responds to environmental perturbation through sensors that employ a labelled-line code. The controller supports a library of action patterns and exteroceptive reflexes to mediate tactile navigation, obstacle negotiation and adaptation to surge. We are extending this controller to neuronal network-based models. A second type of leg CPG is based on synaptic networks of electronic neurons and has been adapted to control the SMA actuated leg. A brain is being developed using layered reflexes based on discrete time map-based neurons.

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Morphology of the Brain of Crayfish, Crabs, and Spiny Lobsters: A Common Nomenclature for Homologous Structures

Cited by 334 publications

References 47 publications

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gα_q Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gα_q Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

Modulation of an Integrated Central Pattern Generator–Effector System: Dopaminergic Regulation of Cardiac Activity in the Blue CrabCallinectes sapidus

Biomimetic approaches to the control of underwater walking machines

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Morphology of the Brain of Crayfish, Crabs, and Spiny Lobsters: A Common Nomenclature for Homologous Structures

Cited by 334 publications

References 47 publications

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gαq Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gαq Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

Modulation of an Integrated Central Pattern Generator–Effector System: Dopaminergic Regulation of Cardiac Activity in the Blue CrabCallinectes sapidus

Biomimetic approaches to the control of underwater walking machines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gα_q Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain

Molecular Cloning of a Lobster Gα_q Protein Expressed in Neurons of Olfactory Organ and Brain