Morphology-property relationships in ABS/PET blends. II. Influence of processing conditions on structure and properties

Azar

Vinyl Additive Technology

et al. 2010

Waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (W‐PET)/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) blends were prepared with a variety of compositions at several rotor speeds in an internal mixer, replacing ABS with different maleated ABS (ABS‐g‐MA) samples in compatibilized blends. A Box–Behnken model for three variables, with three levels, was chosen for the experimental design. ABS‐g‐MA‐based samples exhibited finer particles with a more uniform particle size distribution than ABS‐based ones, as a consequence of the compatibilizing process. Rheological results implied a greater elastic nature for compatibilized blends which increased in the presence of more ABS content; the same trend was observed for complex viscosity. With increasing ABS‐g‐MA or MA concentration, more shear thinning behavior was observed similar to that of ABS; whereas the uncompatibilized blends showed Newtonian behavior like that of W‐PET. The observed shifting in TgW‐PET and TgABS obtained from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis confirmed the good compatibility in W‐PET/ABS‐g‐MA blends in contrast with that in ordinary W‐PET/ABS blends. The mechanical properties were measured and modeled versus the various factors considered in a response surface methodology. The experimental data found a good fit with the obtained equation models. The mechanical properties of the compatibilized blends showed a large positive deviation from the mixing rule, while the uncompatibilized samples had lower properties, even compared to those predicted by the mixing rule. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of waste‐poly(ethylene terephthalate)/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene blends compatibilized with maleated acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

Azar

Vinyl Additive Technology

et al. 2010

“…A simultaneous increase of tensile strength and toughness in ABS/PET blends was achieved by Cook and coworkers, and this was ascribed as due to a considerable plastic deformation in both domains 9. The effect of processing temperature on the mechanical properties as well as the phase morphology was also investigated, and it was concluded that the degradation of PET would result in a dramatic loss in mechanical properties and change in phase morphology 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Design of a Tubular Loop Bioreactor for Scale‐up and Scale‐down of Fermentation Processes

Papagianni

Mattey

Kristiansen

2003

Biotechnology Progress

Microorganisms traveling through circulation loops in large-scale bioreactors experience variations in their environment such as dissolved oxygen concentration and pH gradients. The same changes are not experienced in small bioreactors, and it is suggested that herein lies one of the major reasons for the problems encountered when translating fermentation data from one scale to another. One approach to study this problem is to look at the circulation loop itself. The present work concerns an attempt to simulate the circulation loops inside stirred tank reactors, using a tubular loop reactor specially constructed for the purpose. The reactor carries a number of ports and probes along its length for the determination of concentration gradients within. The broth is circulated around the loop by the use of peristaltic pumps, and the circulation time (t(c), s) is used as a measure of simulated reactor size. The reactor system has been evaluated using the citric acid fermentation by Aspergillus niger as a test process. Acid production and fungal morphology, in terms of the mean convex perimeter of mycelial clumps quantified by image analysis, were used as the parameters of evaluation for the two systems in comparison. From comparative experiments carried out in 10 and 200 L stirred tank bioreactors, it appears that the loop reactor simulates the corresponding stirred tank representing a valuable tool in scaling up and scaling down of fermentation process.

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B

“…Cool et al [1,2] previously observed four domains in noncompatibilized ABS/PET blends and also noticed that the properties of the blends depended on processing conditions resulting from degradation of the PET. Paul et al [3] carried out a study on the blends of ABS/recycled PET compatibilized by styrene maleic anhydride (SMA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Toughening and Compatibilization of Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene/Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) Blends

Zhao

Pan

Wang

et al. 2011

The blends of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)/poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) compatibilized by styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) and toughened by ABS high glue powder (ABS-HGP) were prepared by extrusion and injection molding. Adding SMA, the Izod impact strength, elongation at break, viscosity and Vicat temperature of blends were improved. Differential scanning colorimeter showed ABS and SMA hindered the crystallization process of PET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the domain size of PET in compatibilized blends became small and the distribution appeared to be uniform. ABS-HGP can toughen ABS/PET/SMA blends well.Adding 20 wt% ABS-HGP, the Izod impact strength of the blends improved from 8.9 KJ/m 2 to 18.6 KJ/m 2 and elongation at break increased from 38.9% to 76.1%. The viscosity of blends was increased a lot because of high glue powder. SEM showed the cavitation of rubber particles was the major toughening mechanism in ABS/PET/SMA/ABS-HGP blends.