Morphology, sedimentology and tidal channel processes on a high-tide-range mudflat, west coast of South Korea

Wells, John T.; Adams, Charles E.; Park, Yong-Ahn; Frankenberg, Eben W

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(90)90044-k

Cited by 103 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…At each transect, 3 stations were set: 1 adjacent to the seepage border, and the other 2 at 5 and 10 m distance towards the water line. At the seepage border, the channels were wide (30 to 50 cm) grooves with a depth of ~1 cm, and quickly deepened with increasing distance from shore: 5 m from the seepage border station, the seepage channels had a width of 10 to 20 cm and an approximate depth of 10 to 15 cm below the surrounding tidal flat, and at 10 m distance from shore, the depth of the channel increased to about 0.5 m. These small, meandering tributary tidal channels are stable over the course of several tides, but may vary seasonally (Wells et al 1990). The mudflat areas next to the groundwater seepage channels at the station 5 m from the seepage border were defined as dry areas (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in microphytobenthos and macrofaunal abundances associated with groundwater discharge in the intertidal zone

Waska¹,

Kim²

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We investigated the impact of intertidal groundwater seepage on benthic microalgae and macrofauna in 4 study sites located in 2 large tidal flat ecosystems along the western coast of Korea by comparing the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of 'glossy' seepage sites with those of nearby areas without visually distinct groundwater discharge (dry sediment surface). At 3 of the 4 sites, sediment properties as well as pore water chemistry were similar in groundwater seepage and dry areas. At the 4th study site, the groundwater seepage areas were more coarsegrained compared to the dry areas. Here, the groundwater seepage also had lower salinity and higher nutrient concentrations than the pore water of the dry area and the seawater in a nearby tide pool. Although diatoms were the dominant algal class in seepage and dry areas alike, the seepage areas in 3 of the sites had elevated contributions of other marker pigments such as chlorophyll (chl) b compared to the dry areas. Chl a concentrations were higher in all seepage areas compared to dry areas, and all dry areas had high pheophytin a:chl a ratios, indicating a substantial amount of degraded algal material. In the seepage areas of 3 of the sites, we found large numbers of the snail Batillaria cumingi, while crab burrows of Scopimera sp. were only present in the neighboring dry areas. Correlations of sediment chl a concentrations with physicochemical properties of the ambient pore water indicated that microphytobenthos responded specifically to groundwater seepage, which may provide shelter from desiccation and salt stress during emersion of the tidal flat. Our results suggest that globally common groundwater seepage significantly impacts the ecosystem structures and microphytobenthos production of the tidal flats.KEY WORDS: Groundwater · Seepage · Microphytobenthos · Macrofauna · Intertidal · Pigments · Tidal flat Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 407: [159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172] 2010 Intertidal microphytobenthos, i.e. the assemblage of bottom-living microalgae such as diatoms, is an important contributor to the benthic food chain (MacIntyre et al. 1996, Kang et al. 2003. Through resuspension, microphytobenthos can be transferred to pelagic systems as well (De Jonge & van Beusekom 1992). Furthermore, microphytobenthos can regulate diffusive nutrient fluxes between sediment and the overlying water column (Sundbäck et al. 1991). The relationship between microphytobenthos and ambient nutrient concentrations is often unclear. Generally, benthic microalgae, particularly from muddy sediments, are not nutrient limited (Underwood & Kromkamp 1999), and nutrient enrichment via the water column does not seem to have any effect on microphytobenthos biomass (Hillebrand & Kahlert 2002). On the other hand, microphytobenthos cultures can be maintained well with natural porewater (Admiraal et al. 1982), and microphytobenthos mats in the sandy sediment...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in microphytobenthos and macrofaunal abundances associated with groundwater discharge in the intertidal zone

Waska¹,

Kim²

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In all studies where suspended sediment concentration was monitored in the water column above coastal mudflats and offshore mud banks, storm passage was found to cause rapid and pronounced resuspension of fine-grained sediment, leading to suspended sediment concentrations several orders of magnitude above non-storm values (e.g., Wells, 1988;Wells et al, 1990;Anderson and Mayer, 1984;Kirby et al, 1989Kirby et al, unpublished data, 1993Janssen-Stelder, 2000;Lee and Chu, 2001), but in nearly all cases where storm effects on the coast were quantified, net erosion of sediment from coastal mudflats was found. Storm-related deposition on backshore marshes was noted in many cases due to storm-surge elevation of sea level (e.g., Donnelly et al, 2001;Bao and Healy, 2002), but when inter-tidal mudflats were considered, erosion was the rule rather than the exception.…”

Section: Response Of Other Mud-rich Shorelines To Energetic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…comm.). The absence of strong tidal currents is believed to aid accretion by minimizing the means by which mud is often transported and kept in suspension on coasts with higher tidal ranges (Postma, 1961;Wells et al, 1988Wells et al, , 1990.…”

Section: Factors Promoting Accretion Under Energetic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The western coast of Korea is an appropriate example; although this shore receives abundant muddy sediment, strong tidal currents associated with its 5-9 m tidal range inhibit settling and accumulation of sediment. Most sediment that is deposited on mudflats is remobilized during the next tidal cycle, providing little opportunity for long-term accretion (Wells et al, 1990).…”

Section: Factors Promoting Accretion Under Energetic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine-grained sedimentation on the Chenier Plain Coast and inner continental shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico

Draut¹

2003

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“…They are known to develop along river channels during floods [Adams et al, 2004, Rowland et al, 2009, Brierley et al, 1997, along channels in alluvial deep water fans during high turbidity flow events [Normark et al,2002, Fildani et al, 2006, Straub and Mohrig, 2008, and along creek systems in salt marshes and mudflats during regular tidal forcing [Perillo and Iribarne, 2003, Temmerman et al, 2005, Wells et al, 1990.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levee development along tidal channels

Wegen¹,

Guo²,

Jaffe³

et al. 2012

NCK-days 2012 : Crossing Borders in Coastal Research : Jubilee Conference Proceedings

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Levees are small elevation ridges found on the edge between channels and shoals. They are known to develop along river channels during floods and along channels in alluvial deep water fans. Levees in tidal environments such as the Waddenzee are less pronounced (with a typical height in the order of 10 cm) and may be recognized by the fact that they become dry earlier than the surrounding mudflats, due to their higher elevation and coarser material. Levees form an essential link in the morphological interaction between tidal channels and shoals, although their development is yet poorly understood and requires further research.We explore levee development by a process-based approach (Delft3D) both under highly schematized conditions and a realistic case study. The schematized approach concerns morphological development of a 2km long 100 m wide tidal channel with surrounding tidal flats. The levees develop during flood and further analysis shows the sensitivity to model parameters such as the diffusion coefficient, shoal width, grain size, and initial channel depth. The realistic case study concerns a tidal channel in a sub-embayment of San Francisco Estuary. 150 Years of bathymetric observations are coupled to a process-based morphodynamic modeling exercise explaining the levee development. Model results of the schematized setup and teh San Pablo Bay case have in common that major accreation of the levees and the channel slopes occurs during flooding conditions.

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Morphology, sedimentology and tidal channel processes on a high-tide-range mudflat, west coast of South Korea

Cited by 103 publications

References 13 publications

Differences in microphytobenthos and macrofaunal abundances associated with groundwater discharge in the intertidal zone

Differences in microphytobenthos and macrofaunal abundances associated with groundwater discharge in the intertidal zone

Fine-grained sedimentation on the Chenier Plain Coast and inner continental shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico

Levee development along tidal channels

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