Morphometric analysis of maxillary alveolar regions for immediate implantation

Abstract

PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to provide an actual guideline in determining the shape, diameter, and position of the implant in immediate implantation by the measurement of the thickness of facial and palatal plate, the thickness of cortical bone on the facial and palatal plate, the diameter of the root, and the distance between the roots in the cadavers.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe horizontal sections of 20 maxillae were measured and analyzed to obtain the average values. Resin blocks were produced and cut serially at 1 mm intervals from the cervical line to the root apex. Images of each section were obtained and the following measurements were performed: The thickness of the facial and palatal residual bone at each root surface, the thickness of the facial and palatal cortical bone at the interdental region, the diameter of all roots of each section on the faciopalatal and mesiodistal diameter, and the interroot distance. Three specimens with measurements close to the average values were chosen and 3-dimensional images were reconstructed.RESULTSThe thickness of the facial and palatal cortical bone at the interdental region in the maxilla, the buccal cortical bone was thicker in the posterior region compared to the anterior region. The interroot distance of the alveolar bone thickness between the roots increased from anterior to posterior region and from coronal to apical in the maxilla.CONCLUSIONIn this study, the limited results of the morphometric analysis of the alveolar ridge using the sections of maxilla in the cadavers may offer the useful information when planning and selecting optimal implant for immediate implantation in the maxilla.

Assessment of Maxillary Premolar Region in Relation to Maxillary Sinus Floor and Buccal Bone Plate: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

“…Other studies also reported significantly higher BCB thicknesses at the apical level (Park et al;Jin et al;Casseta et al, 2013;Khumsarn et al;Temple et al, 2016), whose values exceeded 2 mm, reaching up to 3 mm (Jin et al), concurring with the results of this study. Also, the comparisons in the same level revealed that the BCB thicknesses in the same premolar between different sexes had greater values in male individuals, mainly in the apical tooth region (MA-MB).…”

“…However, thickness of the BCB in the maxillary region is reported to vary according to tooth location, sex, and age (Aktuna Adiguzel et al, 2017). Park et al (2013) described a progressive increase in the thickness of the BCB from the central incisor to the second premolar. However, in the premolar area, the data are limited to establish comparisons between vestibular thicknesses (Fayed et al, 2010).…”

Evaluation of cuspid cortical anchorage with different sagittal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography: a retrospective study

“…The cuspids, unlike the incisors, have the longest and thickest roots, are located at the turn of the arch, and are subject to both sagittal and transverse orientation influences. Thus, the torque of the cuspids cannot be accurately determined by intraoral observation and two-dimensional (2D) panoramic radiography alone [ 14 ]. Cuspid cortical anchorage, a crucial factor in the alignment and closure of the extraction space, has rarely been studied.…”