Morphometric analysis of muscularis proper and myenteric plexus of the normal human oesophagus. Age related changes

Milosavljević, Zoran; Zelen, I.; Tanasković, Irena; Sazdanovic, Маја

doi:10.5603/fm.2013.0037

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Reductions in the number of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the esophagus occur in the elderly 7 , 17 , 23 , possibly due to the aging process itself. However, vascularization of ganglia could contribute to this slow and progressive loss of neurons throughout life, by facilitating the entry of infectious agents with consecutive ganglionitis, favoring the appearance of denervation and presbyesophagus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Vessels in Ganglia in Human Esophagus Might Explain the Higher Frequency of Megaesophagus Compared With Megacolon

Adad

Etchebehere

Jammal

2014

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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This study aimed to determine the existence of blood vessels within ganglia of the myenteric plexus of the human esophagus and colon. At necropsy, 15 stillborns, newborns and children up to two years of age, with no gastrointestinal disorders, were examined. Rings of the esophagus and colon were analyzed and then fixed in formalin and processed for paraffin. Histological sections were stained by hematoxylin-eosin, Giemsa and immunohistochemistry for the characterization of endothelial cells, using antibodies for anti-factor VIII and CD31. Blood vessels were identified within the ganglia of the myenteric plexus of the esophagus, and no blood vessels were found in any ganglia of the colon. It was concluded that the ganglia of the myenteric plexus of the esophagus are vascularized, while the ganglia of the colon are avascular. Vascularization within the esophageal ganglia could facilitate the entrance of infectious agents, as well as the development of inflammatory responses (ganglionitis) and denervation, as found in Chagas disease and idiopathic achalasia. This could explain the higher frequency of megaesophagus compared with megacolon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Vessels in Ganglia in Human Esophagus Might Explain the Higher Frequency of Megaesophagus Compared With Megacolon

Adad

Etchebehere

Jammal

2014

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…As it has been documented in several human studies that esophagus shows aging‐related changes and the incidence of reflux disease increase with age, we wish to interprete the data on the esophageal body from this study in that context. The basic findings were that old rats had a thicker mucosa–submucosa and a thicker wall (but not thicker muscle layer), small opening angle, less negative residual strain at the inner wall, the interface between the layers moved outwards whereas the neutral axis moved inwards, and the wall became stiffer in circumferential and longitudinal directions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, neural receptors in the wall respond to mechanical stimuli and therefore it is important to know if they are in a compressive or tensile environment . Esophageal motility disorders caused by aging may be due to changes of muscle and nerve tissues . It may also be closely related to changes in the passive biomechanical properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esophageal morphometric and biomechanical changes during aging in rats

Zhao

Gregersen

2015

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…So beeinträchtigt der im Alter zu beobachtende Muskelabbau, die Sarkopenie, generell die motorische Komponente des Schluckens [8]. Zudem wird der Schluckakt durch Veränderungen des Bindegewebes, das im Alter an Elastizität verliert, modifiziert [9]. Auch bewirken Veränderungen des Achsenskeletts nicht nur eine Änderung der Körperhaltung, sondern beeinflussen auch den Schluckakt [10].…”

Section: Primäre Und Sekundäre Presbyphagieunclassified

Schluckstörungen im Alter

et al. 2015

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The term presbyphagia refers to all changes of swallowing physiology that are manifested with increasing age. Alterations in the pattern of deglutition that are part of healthy aging are called primary presbyphagia. Primary presbyphagia is not an illness in itself but contributes to a more pervasive naturally diminished functional reserve, making older adults more susceptible to dysphagia. If disorders in swallowing occur in the elderly as a comorbidity of a specific disease, for example stroke or neurodegenerative disorders, this is called secondary presbyphagia. Increasing age has an impact on each stage of deglutition. In the oral preparatory phase a diminished input for smell and taste as well as a usually multifactorial cause of dry mouth are the most important influencing factors. Sarcopenia, the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and quality associated with aging, interferes in particular with the oropharyngeal phase. A decreased sensory feedback from the oropharyngeal mucosa leads to a delayed triggering of the swallowing reflex. Finally, a reduction in connective tissue elasticity and changes of the axial skeleton lead to various modifications of the swallowing pattern with advanced age.

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Morphometric analysis of muscularis proper and myenteric plexus of the normal human oesophagus. Age related changes

Abstract: (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 3: 223-229)

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Blood Vessels in Ganglia in Human Esophagus Might Explain the Higher Frequency of Megaesophagus Compared With Megacolon

Blood Vessels in Ganglia in Human Esophagus Might Explain the Higher Frequency of Megaesophagus Compared With Megacolon

Esophageal morphometric and biomechanical changes during aging in rats

Schluckstörungen im Alter

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