Morphometric analysis of talus and calcaneus

Prasad, S Arun; Rajasekhar, S. S. S. N.

doi:10.1007/s00276-018-2101-6

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The talocalcaneal coalition is thought to be most commonly developed in the middle part of the subtalar joint [10][11][12]. The middle and anterior facets were both concave on the calcaneus and fused anterior and middle articular facets were seen more frequently [13,14]. The bridged anterior and middle joint facets were considered an integration because they were continuous with the talocalcaneonavicular joint [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new classification of talocalcaneal coalitions based on computed tomography for operative planning

Wang

Shi

Lixiang

et al. 2021

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Current classifications emphasize the morphology of the coalition, however, subtalar joint facets involved should also be emphasized. Objective The objective of this study was to develop a new classification system based on the articular facets involved to cover all coalitions and guide operative planning. Methods Patients were diagnosed with talocalcaneal coalition using a CT scan, between January 2009 and February 2021. The coalition was classified into four main types according to the shape and nature of the coalition: I, inferiorly overgrown talus or superiorly overgrown calcaneus; II, both talus and calcaneus overgrew; III, coalition with an accessory ossicle; IV, complete osseous coalition (I-III types are non-osseous coalition). Then each type was further divided into three subtypes according to the articular facets involved. A, the coalition involving the anterior facets; M, the coalition involving the middle facets, and P, the coalition involving the posterior facets. Interobserver reliability was measured at the main type (based on nature and shape) and subtype (articular facet involved) using weighted Kappa. Results There were 106 patients (108 ft) included in this study. Overall, 8 ft (7.5%) were classified as type I, 75 ft (69.4%) as type II, 7 ft (6.5%) as type III, and 18 ft (16.7%) as type IV. Twenty-nine coalitions (26.9%) involved the posterior facets only (subtype-P), 74 coalitions (68.5%) involved both the middle and posterior facets (subtype-MP), and five coalitions (4.6%) simultaneously involved the anterior, middle, and posterior facets (subtype-AMP). Type II-MP coalition was the most common. The value of weighted Kappa for the main type was 0.93 (95%CI 0.86–0.99) (p<0.001), and the value for the subtype was 0.78 (95%CI 0.66–0.91) (p<0.001). Conclusion A new classification system of the talocalcaneal coalition to facilitate operative planning was developed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new classification of talocalcaneal coalitions based on computed tomography for operative planning

Wang

Shi

Lixiang

et al. 2021

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association Between Subtalar Articular Surface Typing and Flat Foot Deformity: Which Type is More Likely to Cause Flat Foot Deformity

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Previous studies have shown a wide range of anatomical classifications of the subtalar joint (STJ) in the population and this is related to the different force line structures of the foot. Different subtalar articular surface morphology may affect the occurrence and development of flat foot deformity, and there are fewer studies in this area. The main objective of our study was to determine the association of different subtalar articular surface with the occurrence and severity of flat foot deformity. Methods We analyzed the imaging data of 289 cases of STJ. The articular surface area, Gissane's angle and Bohler's angle of subtalar articular surface of different types were counted. The occurrence and severity of flat foot deformity in different subtalar articular surface were judged by measuring the Meary angle of foot. Results We classified 289 cases of subtalar articular surface into five types according to the morphology. According to Meary angle, the flat foot deformity of Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅳ are significantly severer than Type Ⅱ (P < 0.05). Type II (7.65 ± 1.38 cm2) was significantly smaller than Type I (8.40 ± 1.79 cm2) in the total joint facet area(P < 0.05). Type III (9.15 ± 1.92 cm2) was smaller than Type I (8.40 ± 1.79 cm2), II(7.65 ± 1.38 cm2) and Ⅳ(7.81 ± 1.74 cm2 ) (P < 0.05).Type II (28.81 ± 7.44∘) was significantly smaller than Type I (30.80 ± 4.61 degrees), and IV (32.25 ± 5.02 degrees) in the Bohler’s angle (P < 0.05). Type II (128.49 ± 6.74 degrees) was smaller than Type I (131.58 ± 7.32 degrees), and IV (131.94 ± 5.80 degrees) in the Gissane’s angle (P < 0.05). Conclusions After being compared and analyzed the measurement of morphological parameters, joint facet area and fusion of subtalar articular surface were closely related to the severity of flat foot deformity and Type I and IV were more likely to develop severer flat foot deformity. Level of evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.

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“…We think that this is because the anterior and middle articular surfaces of the Type I subtalar articular surface were fusing in a spindle shape, while all three articular surfaces of the Type II articular surface existed independently, and this result makes the talus of Type I more mobile relative to the calcaneus and more likely to cause the occurrence of flat foot deformity by causing the alteration of the surrounding ligamentous structures. The triangle formed from three separate articular surfaces according to previous descriptions of Type II constitutes an “osseous tripod” and is therefore best stabilized in all types [ 26 , 30 ]. The flat foot deformity of Type IV is severer compared with Type II, but there is no obvious difference in the area of the articular surface between these two types, and the reason for this may be because the anterior articular surface and middle articular surface of Type IV are fused in a calabash shape and those of Type I are fused in a spindle shape, but the talus, especially the talus head, of Types I and IV still has a large range of motion, so the degree of flat foot deformity is severer than Type II ( P < 0.05 ) (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between subtalar articular surface typing and flat foot deformity: which type is more likely to cause flat foot deformity

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2021

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Previous studies have shown a wide range of anatomical classifications of the subtalar joint (STJ) in the population and this is related to the different force line structures of the foot. Different subtalar articular surface morphology may affect the occurrence and development of flat foot deformity, and there are fewer studies in this area. The main objective of our study was to determine the association of different subtalar articular surface with the occurrence and severity of flat foot deformity. Methods We analyzed the imaging data of 289 cases of STJ. The articular surface area, Gissane’s angle and Bohler’s angle of subtalar articular surface of different types were counted. The occurrence and severity of flat foot deformity in different subtalar articular surface were judged by measuring the Meary angle of foot. Results We classified 289 cases of subtalar articular surface into five types according to the morphology. According to Meary angle, the flat foot deformity of Type I and Type IV are significantly severer than Type II (P < 0.05). Type II (7.65 ± 1.38 cm2) was significantly smaller than Type I (8.40 ± 1.79 cm2) in the total joint facet area(P < 0.05). Type III (9.15 ± 1.92 cm2) was smaller than Type I (8.40 ± 1.79 cm2), II (7.65 ± 1.38 cm2) and IV (7.81 ± 1.74 cm2) (P < 0.05). Type II (28.81 ± 7.44∘) was significantly smaller than Type I (30.80 ± 4.61 degrees), and IV (32.25 ± 5.02 degrees) in the Bohler’s angle (P < 0.05). Type II (128.49 ± 6.74 degrees) was smaller than Type I (131.58 ± 7.32 degrees), and IV (131.94 ± 5.80 degrees) in the Gissane’s angle (P < 0.05). Conclusions After being compared and analyzed the measurement of morphological parameters, joint facet area and fusion of subtalar articular surface were closely related to the severity of flat foot deformity and Type I and IV were more likely to develop severer flat foot deformity. Level of evidence Level III, retrospective comparative study.

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Morphometric analysis of talus and calcaneus

Abstract: Analysis of the pattern of articulating facets of talus and calcaneum and establishing the common types and their morphometric parameters will be helpful as an important tool for reconstruction surgeries of hind-foot deformities and foot rehabilitation procedures.

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

A new classification of talocalcaneal coalitions based on computed tomography for operative planning

A new classification of talocalcaneal coalitions based on computed tomography for operative planning

Association Between Subtalar Articular Surface Typing and Flat Foot Deformity: Which Type is More Likely to Cause Flat Foot Deformity

Association between subtalar articular surface typing and flat foot deformity: which type is more likely to cause flat foot deformity

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