Morphometric analysis of the phrenic nerve in male and female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

Rodrigues, Alisson Mendes; Ferreira, Rafaela Scalco; Salgado, Hélio César; Fazan, Valéria Paula Sassoli

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500053

Cited by 15 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Differences between the body weight of male and female SHR and WKY, as well as the differences between strains observed in the present study were similar to those described in the literature [6,7,21-27]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…All myelinated fibers present in the endoneural space were counted. Morphometric parameters of the fascicles and myelinated fibers of sural nerve segments were obtained as described previously for other nerves [7,14-16]. Briefly, the total number of myelinated fibers and the total number of Schwann cell nuclei present in each fascicle transverse section were counted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The area values are directly calculated by the software ("filled area" function), not calculated by from perimeter value. The percentage of the total cross-sectional area of the endoneural space occupied by the myelinated fibers was calculated, and hereafter referred as the percentage of occupancy of the myelinated fibers [6,7,13-15]. The myelinated fibers and Schwann cell nuclei densities were calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypertension is a main risk factor for stroke and vascular dementia and may cause important changes to the cerebrovascular tree, turning the brain more susceptible to infarcts, microaneurysms and ischemia [3]. In spite of the well documented influence of hypertension on the brain, data on the sensitivity of peripheral nerves in hypertension is scarce [3-7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sural nerve involvement in experimental hypertension: morphology and morphometry in male and female normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe sural nerve has been widely investigated in experimental models of neuropathies but information about its involvement in hypertension was not yet explored. The aim of the present study was to compare the morphological and morphometric aspects of different segments of the sural nerve in male and female spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Rats aged 20 weeks (N = 6 in each group) were investigated. After arterial pressure and heart rate recordings in anesthetized animals, right and left sural nerves were removed and prepared for epoxy resin embedding and light microscopy. Morphometric analysis was performed with the aid of computer software, and took into consideration the fascicle area and diameter, as well as myelinated fiber number, density, area and diameter.ResultsSignificant differences were observed for the myelinated fiber number and density, comparing different genders of WKY and SHR. Also, significant differences for the morphological (thickening of the endoneural blood vessel walls and lumen reduction) and morphometric (myelinated fibers diameter and G ratio) parameters of myelinated fibers were identified. Morphological exam of the myelinated fibers suggested the presence of a neuropathy due to hypertension in both SHR genders.ConclusionsThese results indicate that hypertension altered important morphometric parameters related to nerve conduction of sural nerve in hypertensive animals. Moreover the comparison between males and females of WKY and SHR allows the conclusion that the morphological and morphometric parameters of sural nerve are not gender related. The morphometric approach confirmed the presence of neuropathy, mainly associated to the small myelinated fibers. In conclusion, the present study collected evidences that the high blood pressure in SHR is affecting the sural nerve myelinated fibers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sural nerve involvement in experimental hypertension: morphology and morphometry in male and female normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

et al. 2012

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“…The observation of the longitudinal difference in spinal-sciatic nerve structure biochemistry is in good agreement with published data demonstrating longitudinal variation in nerve morphometric parameters [63–65]. The perimeter of the axon, along with other parameters, was found to be significantly greater in the proximal part of the phrenic nerve than in the distal.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Mass Spectrometry Imaging and GC-MS Profiling of the Mammalian Peripheral Sensory-Motor Circuit

Rubakhin

Ulanov

Sweedler

2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has evolved to become an effective discovery tool in science and clinical diagnostics. Here, chemical imaging approaches are applied to well-defined regions of the mammalian peripheral sensory-motor system, including the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and adjacent nerves. By combining several MSI approaches, analyte coverage is increased and 195 distinct molecular features are observed. Principal component analysis suggests three chemically different regions within the sensory-motor system, with the DRG and adjacent nerve regions being the most distinct. Investigation of these regions using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry corroborate these findings and reveal important metabolic markers related to the observed differences. The heterogeneity of the structurally, physiologically, and functionally connected regions demonstrates the intricate chemical and spatial regulation of their chemical composition.

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Substance P in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons in Young and Adult Rats, after Nociceptive Stimulation during the Neonatal Period

Simões

Silva

Giorgetto

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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The nervous system is highly plastic during the neonatal period, being sensitive to noxious stimuli, which may cause short- and long-term pain responsivity changes. Understanding plasticity in peripheral pain pathways is crucial, particularly when the nervous system is still under development and remodeling process. Substance P (SP) is widely used as a marker for peripheral neurons with unmyelinated and small myelinated fibers. We investigated the number of SP immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of male and female Wistar rats, 15 and 180 days after nociceptive stimulation during the neonatal period. Right and left 5th lumbar (L5) DRG were incubated in rabbit polyclonal anti-substance P primary followed by biotinylated donkey anti-rabbit secondary antibodies. Reaction was revealed with a nickel-diaminobenzidine solution. Labeled neurons were counted and compared between ages, genders and groups. Gender differences were present in both ages, with the number of SP-positive DRG neurons being larger in 15-days-old males on both sides. After 180 days, males showed a larger number of SP-positive neurons than females only on the nociceptive stimulated side. An increased number of SP-positive neurons in the DRG on the stimulated side was present in females, immediately after nociceptive stimulation, but not after 180 days. In conclusion, neonatal noxious stimulation caused a permanent increase in SP-positive DRG neurons in males that was not observed in females, suggesting that differences in pain processing/responsivity between genders could be related to morphological alterations of the nervous system. Anat Rec, 301:849-861, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Morphometric analysis of the phrenic nerve in male and female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Sural nerve involvement in experimental hypertension: morphology and morphometry in male and female normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

Sural nerve involvement in experimental hypertension: morphology and morphometry in male and female normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

Mass Spectrometry Imaging and GC-MS Profiling of the Mammalian Peripheral Sensory-Motor Circuit

Substance P in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons in Young and Adult Rats, after Nociceptive Stimulation during the Neonatal Period

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