Morphometric Evaluation of the Seminiferous Tubules and the Antioxidant Protective Effects of Gallic Acid and Quercetin in the Testis and Liver of Butyl Phthalate Treated Rats

Abstract

The antioxidant protective effects of gallic acid (GAL) and quercetin (QUE) against oxidative stress induced by di-butyl phthalate (DnBP) in the liver and testis of rats were evaluated in this study. Adult albino Wistar rats (180-225 g) were treated with QUE or GAL (50 mg/ kg) alone or in combination with DnBP (1 mL/kg) for 15 days. After treatment, tissue samples were taken for determination of glutathione and malondialdehyde levels, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Serial sections of the testis and liver were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for microscopy and seminiferous tubular morphometry. As expected, DnBP induced oxidative stress was evident by increased malondialdehyde level in both organs. Co-treatment with GAL or QUE reversed the malondialdehyde by 45.42, 37.44 and 37.57%, 23.32% and catalase by 52.21, 70.15 and 85%, 38.14% in the testis and liver respectively whereas superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione level were differently modulated parallel to histopathological improvement in both tissues. The seminiferous tubular diameter, epithelial height, epithelial germ cell count and tubular length were significantly decreased by 11.09, 51.91, 40.65 and 11.10% respectively versus control values after DnBP treatments and were attenuated on co-treatment with GAL or QUE. Co-treatment with GAL afforded better protective effects in both tissues but QUE treatment alone appeared more effective than GAL on the investigated morphometric data. It seems likely that GAL or QUE prevented the tissue damage but the antioxidant profiles of the liver and testis are different in response to the oxidative stress.

Physiological Roles of Red Carrot Methanolic Extract and Vitamin E to Abrogate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Challenge and Apoptosis in Rat Testes: Involvement of the Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio

“…Generally, it alleviated tissue degeneration, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in various organs of Wistar rats. Gallic acid 3-O-gallate and quercetin, which were enrolled in the current LC-MS analysis, are effective free radical scavengers as well [ 53 ].…”

Evaluation of protective effects of gallic acid on cisplatin‐induced testicular and epididymal damage

“…CP + GA group was received 50 mg/kg GA by gavage for 10 days and CP was received a single dose of 8 mg/kg (IP) on the 5th day of the study. The doses of CP and GA were designed according to a previous study ( Tomar et al 2017;Abarikwu et al 2020). Rats were housed under standard conditions of temperature (25 ± 2°C), relative humidity (50 ± 10%), and 12 h light/12 h dark cycle.…”

Cyclophosphamide‐induced testicular oxidative‐inflammatory injury is accompanied by altered immunosuppressive indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase in Wister rats: Influence of dietary quercetin

“…The doses of quercetin and cyclophosphamide were based on results of our preliminary studies and as stated in earlier studies (Abarikwu et al, 2020; Ebokaiwe et al, 2016; Huyan et al, 2011). Twenty‐four hours after the last treatment, blood was obtained from the rats prior to sacrifice.…”

“…Quercetin, an interesting polyphenolic flavonoid found in tea, broccoli, red grapes, red wine, cherries, apples, kales and berries in sufficient quantities, is reported to bestow protection against many toxicities and diseases (Abarikwu et al, 2020; Ebokaiwe et al, 2016; Luzi et al, 2019; Xu et al, 2019). Quercetin's health promoting benefits are predicated on its native antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and metal chelating properties (Abarikwu et al, 2020; Ebokaiwe et al, 2016). Earlier studies accentuated the protective influence of quercetin against oxidative and inflammatory injuries in tissues such as testis, kidney and liver (Abarikwu et al, 2020; Ebokaiwe et al, 2016; Xu et al, 2019).…”

“…Quercetin's health promoting benefits are predicated on its native antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and metal chelating properties (Abarikwu et al, 2020; Ebokaiwe et al, 2016). Earlier studies accentuated the protective influence of quercetin against oxidative and inflammatory injuries in tissues such as testis, kidney and liver (Abarikwu et al, 2020; Ebokaiwe et al, 2016; Xu et al, 2019).…”