Morphometric Studies in Inbred and Hybrid House Mice. V. Directional and Fluctuating Asymmetry

Leamy, Larry J.

doi:10.1086/284225

Cited by 220 publications

(227 citation statements)

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“…Chaeta numbers and their FA did significantly decline in the control population of Drosophila used by Bradley (1980), especially over the last 20 compared to the first 20 generations. It was originally hypothesized that FA in both molars in the up and down selection lines should increase (and developmental stability decrease) if in fact the selection process has produced increased homozygosity which in turn is negatively associated with development stability (Mitton, 1978;Soule, 1979;Soule and Cuzin-Roudy, 1982;Leamy, 1984;Livshits and Kobyliansky, 1985). Fixation of alleles leading to increased homozygosity is one expected theoretical result of directional selection (Falconer, 1981), although it is difficult to say how important this has been in the mouse selection lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these analyses of variance, sides was one factor and individuals was the second (Leamy, 1984). The sides component estimates (and effectively adjusts for) any directional asymmetry, and the error variance represents the interaction between sides and individuals and is used to estimate the variance asymmetry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variance asymmetry for each molar also may be estimated by the percentage contribution of the error variance to the total variance, this being an especially useful method of assessing the relative magnitude of FA (Leamy, 1984). When assessed this way, these values actually are equivalent to 1 minus the intra-class correlation, or repeatibility, between left and right sides.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lerner's original hypothesis has since been amply verified in inbred/hybrid comparisons (Leamy, 1984), but trends in developmental stability are less clear for characters in outcrossing populations or populations subjected to directional selection. Strong directional selection ought to cause a decline in stability if such selection either favours homozygous individuals or alters the population mean from its assumed optimum (Soule, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developmental stability most often has been assessed by the magnitude of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in bilateral characters (Mather, 1953;Thoday, 1958;Beardmore, 1960;Van Valen, 1962; Soule, 1979Soule, , 1982Leamy, 1984; Leamy and Atchley, 1985). FA itself is measured in these characters by the differences between left and right sides after first correcting for the presence of any directional asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directional selection and developmental stability: evidence from fluctuating asymmetry of dental characters in mice

Leamy

1986

Heredity

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Developmental stability was assessed among lines of mice subjected to 11 generations of selection for increased (up line) and decreased (down line) widths of the first maxillary molar (M'), primarily to test the hypothesis that this stability would decline over time as a result of selection. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) was used as an inverse measure of developmental stability, and was calculated for the M' and a correlated character, the second mandibular molar (M2), in each generation. As measured by the regression of FA on generations, there was a statistically significant decline in stability only in the down selection line for the M2, and this trend did not differ significantly from that for the control line. The combined regressions obtained from pooling over all three lines were significantly different from zero in both molars, however, and this was taken to be evidence of a decline in stability due to increased homozygosity presumably generated by inbreeding during the selection experiment. The variation in FA among generations was greater for the selection lines than the control line for both molars, especially for the M2. The heritability of the M1 (and M2) was high, but there was no significant additive genetic variance for FA in either molar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directional selection and developmental stability: evidence from fluctuating asymmetry of dental characters in mice

Leamy

1986

Heredity

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Symmetry of Shapes in Biology: from D'Arcy Thompson to Morphometrics

Gerber¹,

Savriama²

2021

Systematics and the Exploration of Life

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Preterm baby delivery: Some genetic epidemiological aspects

Livshits

1990

American J Hum Biol

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The present paper considers genetic risk factors associated with preterm births. We investigated two main hypotheses, namely: 1) Whether there is a detectable genetic or at least a family resemblance component that may predispose a mother to give birth prematurely and 2) whether the risk to preterm delivery can be predicted in the early stages of pregnancy by means of associated morphometric traits and biochemical genetic markers. Our data and published literature certainly point to the existence of a significant family component, although the findings are still scanty for precise determination of genetic and cultural heritability components. In particular, the available data on family correlations in gestational age do not allow one to distinguish between the contribution of the fetus's genotype from the maternal environment and maternal genotype. Parent-children and marital correlations in gestational age, critical for nuclear family analysis, are rather difficult, if not impossible, to obtain. Therefore, we discuss in the present paper several realistic path analysis models for estimating the relative contribution of genetically inherited and environmental components. Some biochemical markers and also morphological asymmetry correlate with a predisposition to preterm delivery. Again, however, more empirical data are needed to properly assess these relationships.

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Morphometric Studies in Inbred and Hybrid House Mice. V. Directional and Fluctuating Asymmetry

Cited by 220 publications

References 13 publications

Directional selection and developmental stability: evidence from fluctuating asymmetry of dental characters in mice

Directional selection and developmental stability: evidence from fluctuating asymmetry of dental characters in mice

Symmetry of Shapes in Biology: from D'Arcy Thompson to Morphometrics

Preterm baby delivery: Some genetic epidemiological aspects

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