Morphometrics of White-Tailed Deer in North-Central Minnesota

Fuller, Todd K.; Pace, Richard M.; Markl, Judy A.; Coy, Pamela L.

doi:10.2307/1381685

Cited by 59 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although natality was influenced by the amount of snowfall, we observed relatively little variation in the pregnancy rates of yearlings and adult deer [coefficient of variation (CV)=11.9 and 11.4%, respectively]. Pregnancy rates of fawns were considerably more variable (CV=72%) but this age class is only a minor contributor to annual total reproduction at northern latitudes (Fuller 1990; Table 1). Harvest clearly limited survival of adult deer (Fig.…”

Section: Usefulness Of the Nao As An Index Of Winter Severity For Deementioning

confidence: 83%

“…Across North America, most survival studies of whitetailed deer have concluded that hunting is the major cause of mortality in exploited populations (Nelson and Mech 1986a;Fuller 1990;Dusek et al 1992;Van Deelen et al 1997). As such, hunting is the mortality source targeted most often by deer managers, with the goal being to increase harvest of female deer with increasing densities.…”

Section: Role Of Harvest In Limiting Population Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate fluctuations (Forchhammer et al 1998;Stenseth 1998, 1999;Milner et al 1999;Aanes et al 2000), density-dependent forage competition (Messier 1991(Messier , 1995Benton et al 1995;Gaillard et al 1998;Portier et al 1998), harvest (Fuller 1990;Langvatn and Loison 1999;Solberg et al 1999), and predation (Messier 1991(Messier , 1994Post and Stenseth 1998;Ballard et al 1999) have all been shown to significantly affect population growth of ungulate species at northern latitudes. However, the relative contributions of, and potential interactions among, these factors continue to spark debate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of forage competition, harvest, and climate fluctuation to changes in population growth of northern white-tailed deer

Patterson

Power

2002

Oecologia

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Recently there has been considerable interest in determining the relative roles of endogenous (density-dependent) and exogenous (density-independent) factors in driving the population dynamics of free-ranging ungulates. We used time-series analysis to estimate the relative contributions of density-dependent forage competition, climatic fluctuation, and harvesting on the population dynamics of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Nova Scotia, Canada, from 1983 to 2000. A model incorporating the population density 2 years previous, an interaction term for the harvest of females and population density 2 years previous, and the total snowfall during the previous 2 winters explained 80% of the variation in inter-annual population growth rate. Natality of adult females was negatively related to deer density during the present winter, whereas that of yearlings may have been correlated with the snowfall of three winters previous. Natality of fawns was related to deer density and total snowfall during the previous winter. Coyotes (Canis latrans) prey extensively on deer fawns in northeastern North America and the annual harvest of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), the major alternate prey of coyotes, explained 48% of the inter-annual variation in fawn recruitment. The proportions of fawn, yearling, and adult deer suffering from severe malnutrition during late winter were all correlated with deer density during the present winter. We conclude that the limiting effects of winter weather on over-winter survival of deer may be cumulative over two consecutive winters. During the late 1980s, density dependence and winter severity acted in concert to effect substantial declines in deer population growth both by effecting winter losses directly and by exacerbating predation by coyotes. During this period liberal harvesting did not relieve density-dependent forage competition and probably accelerated the decline.

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Section: Usefulness Of the Nao As An Index Of Winter Severity For Deementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Role Of Harvest In Limiting Population Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of forage competition, harvest, and climate fluctuation to changes in population growth of northern white-tailed deer

Patterson

Power

2002

Oecologia

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“…In large mammals, growth equations have also been used to investigate the evolution of growth with age (Western et al 1983, Zullinger et al 1984, Fandos and Vigal 1988, Fuller et al 1989 and the effects of different factors on growth rate or size of animals have been assessed (Kingsley 1979, Chesser and Smith 1987, Leberg et al 1992. However, although growth and development of red deer has often been described, neither data on growth curve parameters nor studies on the influence of different factors on these parameters have, to our knowledge, yet been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass and lower jaw development of the female red deer as indices of habitat quality in the Ardennes

Bertouille¹,

Crombrugghe²

1995

Acta Theriol.

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“…For white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman, 1780)), fawn production and survival rates are especially important to population dynamics (Fuller 1990;Hatter and Janz 1994;Gaillard et al 1998;White and Lubow 2002). Much research has focused on neonatal fawn survival because young fawns are most susceptible to mortality, particularly predation by coyotes (Canis latrans (Say, 1823)), bobcats (Lynx rufus (Schreber, 1777)), black bears (Ursus americanus (Pallas, 1780)), and wolves (Canis lupus (L., 1758)) (Cook et al 1971;Porath 1980;Nelson and Mech 1981;Epstein et al 1983;Ballard et al 1999;Rohm et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased overwinter mortalities of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns during a drought year

et al. 2018

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mortality events. In order of importance, survival rates were affected by days since capture, year of drought, age at capture, week post-capture (1/0 indicator), and region. Estimated overwinter (fall through spring) survival rate (± SE) of fawns in both regions during 2010-14 was 0.83 ± 0.04. However, estimated overwinter survival rates were depressed during 2012-13, following the severe drought of 2012 (0.63 ± 0.11 or 0.66 ± 0.11 depending on model). Main causes of mortality were capture-related and predation, though some dead deer also showed signs of hemorrhagic disease. We suspect that the extreme drought of 2012 created favorable conditions for fall-spring mortality of fawns, due to elevated disease transmission and lower forage quality and quantity for deer. In addition, drought may have contributed to predation by reducing abundance of alternative prey. Our results suggest that severe weather conditions during summer can substantially impact overwinter fawn survival.

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Morphometrics of White-Tailed Deer in North-Central Minnesota

Cited by 59 publications

References 15 publications

Contributions of forage competition, harvest, and climate fluctuation to changes in population growth of northern white-tailed deer

Contributions of forage competition, harvest, and climate fluctuation to changes in population growth of northern white-tailed deer

Body mass and lower jaw development of the female red deer as indices of habitat quality in the Ardennes

Increased overwinter mortalities of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns during a drought year

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