Morphosyntactic predictive processing in adult heritage speakers: effects of cue availability and spoken and written language experience

Karaca, Figen; Brouwer, Susanne; Unsworth, Sharon; Huettig, Falk

doi:10.1080/23273798.2023.2254424

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Another interpretation could be that having higher proficiency and/or literacy in one of the known languages when the languages are closely related (as Spanish and English are) is all that is necessary for interpreting sentences as simple as these. This view is supported by Karaca et al (2024), who found that literacy and writing skills in either of their participants' languages helped with cue prediction. This could account for finding that the LexTALE, which measured the language of formal education for these participants, was a marginally significant predictor of RT rather than the LexTALE-ESP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The monolingual participants were able to predict the second noun phrase in the sentence upon hearing the case cue attached to the first noun phrase. Heritage-speaking participants, however, were only able to use case predictively in the verb-medial condition when the verb semantics helped scaffold cue use (Karaca et al, 2024). Additionally, because bilingual participants' language experiences, especially literacy, in both languages were significant predictors, the authors lend support to prediction-by-production accounts and suggest that reading and writing training in either of the speaker's languages can help with cue prediction (Karaca et al, 2024).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The authors suggested this was possibly due to individual differences and learner background. Replicating the original same study, Karaca et al (2024) tested Turkish monolinguals and Turkish-Dutch heritage speakers on verb-medial and verb-final sentences to see how the position of the verb affected cue predicting. The monolingual participants were able to predict the second noun phrase in the sentence upon hearing the case cue attached to the first noun phrase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spanish–English bilingual heritage speakers processing of inanimate sentences

Casper,

Aguirre-Muñoz,

Spivey

et al. 2024

Front. Lang. Sci.

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This study investigated how heritage Spanish–English bilinguals integrate their cue hierarchies to process simple sentences in both Spanish and English. Sentence interpretation is achieved by weighing the various cues that are present in the sentence against that language's cue hierarchy. The Unified Competition Model (UCM) suggests that bilinguals show a variety of patterns in sentence interpretation strategies depending on language proficiency. Previous research on heritage Spanish–English bilinguals and late bilinguals has demonstrated differences in cue utilization and sentence interpretation compared to monolinguals. However, good-enough processing suggests that when a sentence does not meet certain heuristics, like the first-noun agent heuristic, a semantic representation of the sentence will be processed instead of a syntactic one. Even with reliable sentential-level cues such as word order, a plausible semantic representation of the sentence is favored. This is especially the case with inanimate–inanimate (IA-IA) sentences, like in the present study, in which there is less reversibility of thematic roles without competing with semantic plausibility. For this study, participants (n = 32) read a total of 80 inanimate sentences in English and Spanish with subject–verb–object and object–verb–subject (OVS) word orders, indicated the subject of the sentences, and completed language proficiency and dominance tasks. When reading Spanish sentences, participants read the OVS word order faster. English proficiency was a significant predictor of sentence reading time and choice selection time but did not predict word choice. The results suggest that IA-IA sentences pose challenges for cue utilization and thematic role assignment due to semantic limitations. This study found that participants may prioritize semantic plausibility over syntactic representations in sentence processing, supporting a good-enough processing model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spanish–English bilingual heritage speakers processing of inanimate sentences

Casper,

Aguirre-Muñoz,

Spivey

et al. 2024

Front. Lang. Sci.

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“…In the current study, the AI stimuli were recorded using a young male US English voice. A 3-second pause was added after the verb in each sentence to give participants more time to engage in predictive processing (e.g., Karaca et al, 2023). Additionally, a young male native speaker of American English recorded all 16 sentences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the acceptability and validity of AI-generated auditory stimuli remain underexplored despite their prevalence in psycholinguistics (Huettig et al, 2011). As mentioned above, auditory sentences in VWP experiments are required to have the same speech rate and are typically manually modified to add/remove pauses (e.g., Garrido Rodriguez et al, 2023;Ito et al, 2023;Karaca et al, 2023;Koch et al, 2023). These steps can be more effectively accomplished using AI tools.…”

Section: Ai and Psycholinguistic Stimuli Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acceptability and Validity of AI-Generated Psycholinguistic Stimuli

Alzahrani

2024

Preprint

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Sentence stimuli pervade psycholinguistics research. Yet limited attention has been paid to the automatic construction of sentence stimuli. Given their linguistic capabilities, this study investigated the efficacy of ChatGPT/AI tools in generating sentence stimuli. In three psycholinguistic experiments, this study examined the acceptability and validity of AI-formulated auditory sentences and written sentences in two languages: English and Arabic. Participants gave English AI-generated stimuli similar to or higher acceptability ratings than human-composed stimuli, but the opposite was observed for Arabic AI-generated stimuli. The validity of AI-developed stimuli relied on the study design, with only Experiment 2 demonstrating the target psycholinguistic effect (L1/L2 morphosyntactic prediction). These results highlight the promising role of AI as a stimuli developer which could facilitate psycholinguistic research and increase its diversity. Implications for psycholinguistic research were discussed.

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Lexical interference and prediction in sentence processing among Russian heritage speakers: an individual differences approach

Prystauka,

Hao,

Cabrera Perez

et al. 2024

J Cult Cogn Sci

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In line with emerging trends examining sentence processing in heritage language (HL) bilingualism and adopting an individual differences approach, the present study investigated the role of prediction and lexical interference in 68 Russian HL bilinguals in North America. The former was investigated by examining how Russian HL bilinguals processed sentences with semantically constraining verbs, whereas the latter was assessed examining how contextually globally irrelevant but locally coherent color word information is processed. The findings revealed that, as a group, participants demonstrated predictive processing and were subject to lexical interference. To understand inter-participant variation, we examined the roles prediction and/or interference play as a function of individual differences in cognitive control (as measured by a Flanker task), performance on vocabulary and gender knowledge tasks as well as participants’ individual language history and use (LHQ3, Li et al., Biling Lang Cogn 23:938–944, 2020). Indeed, these analyses revealed that individual language knowledge and domain-general cognitive control play crucial roles in how prediction and/or interference play out in HL processing.

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Morphosyntactic predictive processing in adult heritage speakers: effects of cue availability and spoken and written language experience

Cited by 6 publications

References 74 publications

Spanish–English bilingual heritage speakers processing of inanimate sentences

Spanish–English bilingual heritage speakers processing of inanimate sentences

The Acceptability and Validity of AI-Generated Psycholinguistic Stimuli

Lexical interference and prediction in sentence processing among Russian heritage speakers: an individual differences approach

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