Mortalidad atribuible al tabaquismo en España en 1998

Banegas, José R.; Gañán, Lucía Díez; Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando; Graciani, Auxiliadora; Álvarez, Fernando; Enríquez, Jesús González

doi:10.1016/s0025-7753(01)72226-9

Cited by 89 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The smoking prevalence in Spain is 27%, despite a significant drop (by five percentage points) observed since 2006 4. Therefore, smoking is still a major cause of health and social care costs faced by Spanish society 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. In the Law 28/2005, the Spanish Council of State highlight that state expenditure to cover the health and social care costs caused by smoking exceed the excise duty levied on tobacco products 11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐effectiveness of alternative smoking cessation scenarios in Spain: results from the EQUIPTMOD

et al. 2018

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AimsTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of alternative smoking cessation scenarios from the perspective of the Spanish National Health Service (NHS).DesignWe used the European study on Quantifying Utility of Investment in Protection from Tobacco model (EQUIPTMOD), a Markov‐based state transition economic model, to estimate the return on investment (ROI) of: (a) the current provision of smoking cessation services (brief physician advice and printed self‐helped material + smoking ban and tobacco duty at current levels); and (b) four alternative scenarios to complement the current provision: coverage of proactive telephone calls; nicotine replacement therapy (mono and combo) [prescription nicotine replacement therapy (Rx NRT)]; varenicline (standard duration); or bupropion. A rate of 3% was used to discount life‐time costs and benefits.SettingSpain.ParticipantsAdult smoking population (16+ years).MeasurementsHealth‐care costs associated with treatment of smoking attributable diseases (lung cancer, coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary infection and stroke); intervention costs; quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs). Costs and outcomes were summarized using various ROI estimates.FindingsThe cost of implementing the current provision of smoking cessation services is approximately €61 million in the current year. This translates to 18 quitters per 1000 smokers and a life‐time benefit–cost ratio of 5, compared with no such provision. All alternative scenarios were dominant (cost‐saving: less expensive to run and generated more QALYs) from the life‐time perspective, compared with the current provision. The life‐time benefit–cost ratios were: 1.87 (proactive telephone calls); 1.17 (Rx NRT); 2.40 (varenicline‐standard duration); and bupropion (2.18). The results remained robust in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsAccording to the EQUIPTMOD modelling tool it would be cost‐effective for the Spanish authorities to expand the reach of existing GP brief interventions for smoking cessation, provide pro‐active telephone support, and reimburse smoking cessation medication to smokers trying to stop. Such policies would more than pay for themselves in the long run.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐effectiveness of alternative smoking cessation scenarios in Spain: results from the EQUIPTMOD

et al. 2018

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“…It is estimated that in Spain, as many as 56,000 people die every year due to smoking [1]. It is one of the main risk factors for vascular and respiratory diseases and a causative agent for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), accelerating the physiological worsening of the lung volume in susceptible smokers [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of spirometry as a motivational tool for smoking cessation: a clinical trial, the ESPIMOAT study

Irizar-Aramburu¹,

Martínez-Eizaguirre²,

Pacheco-Bravo³

et al. 2013

BMC Fam Pract

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BackgroundSmoking is the main preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in our region, it being the main causative agent of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There still is no consensus on the use of spirometry as a strategy for smoking cessation, given that there is insufficient scientific evidence from high quality studies to recommend the use of this technique.Methods/DesignThis is to be a randomized, multicentre, open-label clinical trial. A total of 444 smokers over 40 years of age will be recruited by 39 general practitioners from 22 health centers. Primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of spirometry together with information regarding the test for smoking cessation after 1 year in smokers over 40 years of age with a more than 10 pack-year history and no previous diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Groups of 45 patients who smoke will be randomly selected from the lists of the participating doctors. The names will be sent to the corresponding doctors who will contact candidate patients and assess whether they meet the selection criteria. Patients who meet these criteria will be randomly allocated to an intervention or control group. For patients in both groups, a nurse will conduct an interview and perform a spirometry test to measure forced vital capacity. Then, all patients will be referred for an appointment with their doctor for brief anti-smoking intervention, patients from the intervention group additionally being informed about the result of the spirometry test. After 1 year, smoking status will be assessed and, in those who report that they have quit smoking, abstinence will be confirmed by co-oximetry. Data will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis using the chi-squared test for outcomes and binary logistic regression if it is considered to be necessary to adjust for confounding variables.DiscussionPerforming a spirometry test and providing information on pulmonary function may increase awareness of the effect of smoking among smokers who are asymptomatic or have few symptoms and make them decide to quit. Specifically, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease it might increase levels of motivation to quit smoking in early stages of the disease. If this strategy were to be effective, it could be included in the health promotion activities offered in primary care.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01821885

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“…En el año 1978, se estimó que el 13,7% de las muertes observadas a nivel nacional se atribuyeron al consumo de tabaco (González Enríquez et al, 1997), este porcentaje aumentó hasta un 16,0% en 1998 (Banegas et al, 2001), se mantuvo en torno al 15%-16% hasta 2012 (Gutiérrez Abejón et al, 2015) y disminuyó hasta el 13,7% en 2016 (Pérez Tabla 1. Principales características de los estudios que estiman mortalidad atribuida (MA) al consumo de tabaco en España (nivel nacional, comunidad autónoma, provincia, ciudad), 1978-2017.…”

Section: Resultados De La Estimación De La Ma Al Consumo De Tabacounclassified

“…En la actualidad, diferentes causas de muerte como el cáncer de mama continúan en estudio (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). Alguno de los estudios de estimación realizados en España o no incluyeron todas las patologías con relación causal establecida en el momento de realización (González Enríquez et al, 1997;Rodriguez Tapioles et al, 1997;Santana Armas et al, 1998;Santos Zarza et al, 2001;Valero Juan et al, 1999) o incluyeron más causas (Banegas et al, 2001;Banegas et al, 2003;Banegas et al, 2005;Banegas et al, 2011;Bello Luján et al, 2001;Criado-Álvarez et al, 2002;González Enríquez et al, 1989a;González Enríquez et al, 1989b;González Enríquez et al, 1997;Gutiérrez-Abejón et al, 2015;Hernández-García et al, 2010;Jané et al, 2003;Montes et al, 2004;Santana Armas et al, 1998;Zorrilla-Torras et al, 2005). Esto último puede ser debido a que varios estudios incorporan patologías sobre las que la evidencia disponible sugería que había una asociación con el consumo de tabaco, sin embargo, no había suficiente evidencia para establecer una relación causal en ese momento.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Mortalidad atribuida al consumo de tabaco en España: Revisión sistemática

et al. 2021

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Smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) is an indicator that reflects the evolution of the tobacco epidemic at the population level. The objective of this study is to identify and to describe published studies that have estimated SAM in Spain. A search in PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed, limited to studies published until April 15 th , 2021. Studies that estimated SAM in Spain or its constituent regions were included. Of the 146 studies identified, 22 met eligibility criteria. The first estimate of SAM in Spain dates from 1978 and the last from 2017. Twelve of the studies found estimated SAM at national level, 8 in regions, 1 in a province and 1 in a city. Most estimates were made for adults aged over 34, categorized as smokers, ex-smokers and never smokers. Observed mortality derived, in all studies, from official records, and relative risks mostly from Cancer Prevention Study II. In the period analyzed, a decrease in the burden of SAM was observed.In Spain, different SAM estimates are available globally, but they do not have regular periodicity, and such estimates are infrequently made by region. Due to variations in methodology and data sources, it is difficult to assess changes in SAM. Having global and regional periodic estimates would be necessary to correctly monitor the tobacco epidemic in Spain.

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Mortalidad atribuible al tabaquismo en España en 1998

Cited by 89 publications

References 3 publications

Cost‐effectiveness of alternative smoking cessation scenarios in Spain: results from the EQUIPTMOD

Cost‐effectiveness of alternative smoking cessation scenarios in Spain: results from the EQUIPTMOD

Effectiveness of spirometry as a motivational tool for smoking cessation: a clinical trial, the ESPIMOAT study

Mortalidad atribuida al consumo de tabaco en España: Revisión sistemática

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