Mortality among chemical plant workers exposed to acrylonitrile and other substances

Marsh, Gary M.; Gula, Mary Jean; Youk, Ada O.; Schall, Laura

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199910)36:4<423::aid-ajim3>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Significantly higher cancer morbidity in persons exposed to AN was noted in four reports by O'Berg (1980) (lung cancer) 6 22) . However, the most recent report by Marsh et al (1999) 22) showed monotonically increasing risk ratios for lung cancer with increasing AN exposure, with the risk ratio exceeding 2.0 in the highest exposure category although the trend was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Eighteen cohort mortality studies on workers occupationally exposed to AN have been published and are available for the evaluation of its carcinogenicity [Kiesselbach et al (1979) 5) , O'Berg (1980) 6) , Thiess et al (1980) 7) , Ott et al (1980) 8) , Werner and Carter (1981) 9) , Delzell and Monson (1982) 10) , O'Berg et al (1985) 11) , Chen et al (1987) 12) , Chen et al (1988a) 13) , Chen et al (1988b) 14) , Collins et al (1989) 15) , Swaen et al (1992) 16) , Mastrangelo (1993) 17) , Swaen et al (1998) 18) , Benn and Osborne (1998) 19) , Blair et al (1998) 20) , Wood et al (1998) 21) and Marsh et al (1999) 22) ]. In addition, five unpublished cohort studies [Monson (1978) 23) , Zack (1980) 24) , Gaffey and Strauss (1981) 25) , Herman (1981) 26) , Stallard (1982) …”

Section: Epidemiological Data On Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marsh et al (1999) 22) studied a cohort of 992 males who were employed for three or more months between 1960 and 1996 in a chemical plant in Lima, Ohio, USA. The followup was done until the end of 1996.…”

Section: Epidemiological Data On Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Wood et al (1998) 21) is an updated/extended study of O'Berg (1980) 6) , O'Berg et al (1985) 11) , Chen et al (1987) 12) , Chen et al (1988a) 13) , and Chen et al (1988b) 14) . The cohort reported by Blair et al (1998) 20) consists of AN-exposed workers at eight plants in US, including cohorts observed by Collins et al (1989) 15) and Marsh et al (1999) 22) . The advantages of more recent studies are larger cohort sizes, longer duration of follow-up, more adequate exposure assessment and more detailed analyses of exposure-response relationships.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carcinogenicity and Other Health Effects of Acrylonitrile with Reference to Occupational Exposure Limit.

SAKURAI

2000

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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The occupational exposure limit for acrylonitrile (AN) has been set by many organizations on the basis of its carcinogenicity. However, recent epidemiological studies do not afford evidence supporting the hypothesis that AN is carcinogenic to humans. Review of the 18 published cohort studies revealed that, although there is not adequate evidence in humans for carcinogenicity of AN, the possibility of a causal association between high exposure to AN and lung cancer in humans cannot be excluded. It was pointed out that carcinogenic potential of AN may be weak, if any, to humans, and the current occupational exposure limit (OEL) for AN of 2 ppm was evaluated as appropriate in view of AN exposure levels reported by epidemiological studies. Based also on review of the literature on health effects other than carcinogenicity, it was concluded that the current OEL for AN is a reasonable value and there is no need for a revision at present.

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Section: Interpretation Of Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Epidemiological Data On Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiological Data On Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpretation Of Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carcinogenicity and Other Health Effects of Acrylonitrile with Reference to Occupational Exposure Limit.

SAKURAI

2000

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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“…These investigators found that the acrylonitrile exposure-response relationship for lung cancer that had been suggested in the original Lima cohort study (Marsh et al [12]) was likely to be positively confounded by smoking. In the original NCI study (Blair et al [2]), the Lima, OH (Marsh and Zimmerman [7]) study, and another study of acrylonitrile workers (Collins et al [6]), the prevalence of smoking was found to increase with increasing acrylonitrile exposure, thus creating the potential for positive confounding of any association between acrylonitrile exposure and lung cancer mortality.…”

Section: Issue 6 -Do Alternative Metrics Lead To Results Consistent Wmentioning

confidence: 97%

Methodological Challenges in the Statistical Analysis of Epidemiology Studies: use of Average Exposure Metrics in Historical Cohort Designs

Starr¹,

Marsh²

2016

MEDJ

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An important methodological challenge in the analysis of historical occupational cohort data is choosing the most appropriate metric for the average exposure of the workers under study. We describe and illustrate the many issues associated with this challenge using a recent re-analysis by Kopylev [1] of lung cancer mortality in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) acrylonitrile cohort study. Kopylev proposed the routine use of both Average Exposure and Average Intensity when analyzing epidemiological cohort data. However, due to the methodological issues that arise with these metrics, we have concerns about the validity of his finding of a significant positive association between workers' acrylonitrile exposure and increased lung cancer mortality in a subset of the NCI cohort. These include 1) the opportunity for substantial selection bias to have impacted the results; 2) the failure to account properly for latency; 3) the absence of a convincing biological rationale or other a priori justification for Kopylev's preferred exposure metrics; 4) the absence of meaningful differences in Average Exposure-and Average Intensity-based risk estimates; 5) the lack of a logical basis for using either of these exposure metrics and 6) the conclusion that smoking was not a significant positive confounder, which is at odds with all other such findings for this cohort.

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Bladder cancer among chemical workers exposed to nitrogen products and other substances

Marsh

Gula

Youk

et al. 2002

American J Industrial Med

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This study confirms that bladder cancer mortality is elevated among persons who worked mainly in the NP Division of the Lima plant, but at a lower, less statistically significant level than indicated by the original cohort study. No occupational risk factors considered to be causally related to the bladder cancer excess could be identified by this intensive investigation; other possible reasons for the excess are suggested by the descriptive data.

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Mortality among chemical plant workers exposed to acrylonitrile and other substances

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Carcinogenicity and Other Health Effects of Acrylonitrile with Reference to Occupational Exposure Limit.

Carcinogenicity and Other Health Effects of Acrylonitrile with Reference to Occupational Exposure Limit.

Methodological Challenges in the Statistical Analysis of Epidemiology Studies: use of Average Exposure Metrics in Historical Cohort Designs

Bladder cancer among chemical workers exposed to nitrogen products and other substances

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