Mortality among Japanese Zen priests.

Ogata, Masatoshi; Ikeda, Masato; Kuratsune, Masanori

doi:10.1136/jech.38.2.161

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Seven studies were included in the further analysis of the cancer incidence among vegetarians and nonvegetarians [2,9,18,24,25,26,27,28]. We found an 18% lower cancer incidence in vegetarians than in nonvegetarians.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Repeated reports were excluded [12,18,19,20,21,22]. Seven cohort studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review [2,13,18,23,24,25,26] (fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies were included in the analysis of all-cause mortality [2,13,18,23,24,25,26] (table 2). All-cause mortality was 9% lower in vegetarians than in nonvegetarians after the follow-up.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Incidence in Vegetarians: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

et al. 2012

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Background: Prospective cohort studies have examined mortality and overall cancer incidence among vegetarians, but the results have been inconclusive. Aims: The objective of the present meta-analysis was to investigate cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer incidence among vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Methods: Medline, EMBASE and Web Of Science databases were searched for cohort studies published from inception to September 2011. Studies were included if they contained the relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% CI. Participants were from the UK, Germany, California, USA, the Netherlands and Japan. Results: Seven studies with a total of 124,706 participants were included in this analysis. All-cause mortality in vegetarians was 9% lower than in nonvegetarians (RR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.66–1.16). The mortality from ischemic heart disease was significantly lower in vegetarians than in nonvegetarians (RR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56–0.87). We observed a 16% lower mortality from circulatory diseases (RR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.54–1.14) and a 12% lower mortality from cerebrovascular disease (RR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.70–1.06) in vegetarians compared with nonvegetarians. Vegetarians had a significantly lower cancer incidence than nonvegetarians (RR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.67–0.97). Conclusions: Our results suggest that vegetarians have a significantly lower ischemic heart disease mortality (29%) and overall cancer incidence (18%) than nonvegetarians.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Repeated reports were excluded [12,18,19,20,21,22]. Seven cohort studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review [2,13,18,23,24,25,26] (fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Incidence in Vegetarians: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

et al. 2012

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“…Ogata et al [26] compared all-cause mortality and mortality from stroke, pneumonia, respiratory cancers, cirrhosis, and peptic ulcer among Japanese male Zen priests and the general population. The priests, who did not smoke and had a lower consumption of meat and fish, but drinking habits similar to the general population, had lower allcause mortality and mortality from these diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Factors and Health Outcomes in Elderly Hong Kong Chinese Aged 70 Years and Over

Woo

Ho²,

2002

Gerontology

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Background: Although increasing emphasis is being placed on strategies for successful aging, few studies have examined the relationship between lifestyle factors and mortality and other health outcomes in the old-old population. Objective: To examine the impact of physical activity, dietary habits, smoking, and alcohol consumption on 3-year mortality and other health outcomes. Methods: 2,032 Chinese subjects aged 70 years and older (mean age 80 years) were recruited territorywide by proportional random sampling and followed for 3 years. Baseline information was obtained by interview on level of physical activity, dietary habits (frequency of consumption per week of major food groups), alcohol consumption, and smoking habits. Outcome measures include mortality, self-perceived health status, frequency of hospitalization, geriatric depression score, and development of new diseases (stroke, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, fractures). Logistic regression was used to examine the effects of lifestyle factors on each health outcome, with and without adjustment for age and baseline health status. Results: The mortality risk is reduced with increasing physical activity, daily fish intake and moderate alcohol consumption, and avoidance of smoking; hospitalization is inversely associated with increasing activity; better self-perceived health is associated with moderate alcohol consumption and a non-smoking status, and there is an inverse relationship between depressive symptoms and increasing activity and moderate alcohol consumption. After adjustment for age and baseline health status, higher levels of physical activity are associated with decreased mortality and hospitalization; non-smokers have reduced mortality and a better self-perceived health, and moderate alcohol consumption is also associated with better self-perceived health. Conclusion: Lifestyle factors may influence health outcomes even in the old-old population.

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“…Seventh-Day Adventists present also a particular relationship between cancer risk and allergy ( 11 ). Ogata and coworkers found a lower mortality from respiratory cancers among Zen Buddhists with respect to the general population ( 12 ). Sriplung and collaborators found that a lower incidence of cervical and breast cancers in Muslim than in Buddhist females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan Fasting and Patients with Cancer: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects

et al. 2016

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Ramadan fasting represents one of the five pillars of the Islam creed. Even though some subjects (among which patients) are exempted from observing this religious duty, they may be eager to share this particular moment of the year with their family and peers. However, there are no guidelines or standardized protocols that can help physicians to properly address the issue of patients with cancer fasting in Ramadan and correctly advising them. Moreover, in a more interconnected and globalized society, in which more and more Muslim patients live in the Western countries, this topic is of high interest also for the general practitioner. For this purpose, we carried out a systematic review on the subject. Our main findings are that (1) very few studies have been carried out, addressing this issue, (2) evidence concerning quality of life and compliance to treatment is contrasting and scarce, and (3) generally speaking, few patients ask their physicians whether they can safely fast or not. For these reasons, further research should be performed, given the relevance and importance of this topic.

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Mortality among Japanese Zen priests.

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Incidence in Vegetarians: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Incidence in Vegetarians: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Lifestyle Factors and Health Outcomes in Elderly Hong Kong Chinese Aged 70 Years and Over

Ramadan Fasting and Patients with Cancer: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects

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