Mortality and Incidence of Hospital Admissions for Stroke among Brazilians Aged 15 to 49 Years between 2008 and 2012

Adami, Fernando; Figueiredo, Francisco Winter dos Santos; Paiva, Laércio da Silva; Sá, Thiago Hérick de; Santos, Edigê Felipe de Sousa; Martins, Bruno Luis; Valenti, Vítor Engrácia; Abreu, Luíz Carlos de

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0152739

Cited by 35 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…With the increase in the life expectancy of women, there is also an increased risk of developing diseases common to older age groups because of the presence of risk factors for chronic diseases when they were younger. For example, diseases such as a stroke, which could be avoided by lifestyle modifications in this phase of life, become more common at a later age.…”

Section: Correlation Of Variables With Indicators Of Breast Cancer Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for breast cancer mortality: Evidence from Brazil

et al. 2018

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Breast cancer remains the leading type of cancer in women globally and accounts for 25% of all cancer cases diagnosed. It results in approximately half a million deaths and approximate loss of 15 million disability-adjusted life years. 1 In Brazil, where its incidence increases by 1.8 cases per 100 000 inhabitants per year, 2 existing socioeconomic inequality greatly influences the early diagnosis and prevention of breast cancer, 3 thereby, creating a great challenge to the public health services focusing on the disease.In addition to socioeconomic inequality, other existing forms of inequality in Brazil 4 can also influence the outcomes related to breast cancer. Moreover, all these factors contribute to increased rates of smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, and overweight, which are risk factors for chronic diseases and are also related to breast cancer. 5 In this context, from a public health point of view, it is important to know which of these factors are associated with the incidence and mortality of such disease.Thus, we performed an ecological study analyzing secondary data obtained from the Department of Information Technology of SUS (DATASUS) and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). The units of analysis were the years between 2006 and 2014. Deaths and hospital admissions for breast cancer in women were collected from the Mortality Information System and Hospital Information System (HIS), respectively. Both are available for public access in the Department of Information Technology of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), maintained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Hospital admission and mortality rates were estimated by 100 000 women and age-standardized by age according to the World Health Organization by the direct method. After univariate analysis of the Pearson's correlation, a multiple linear regression was performed, adopting the stepwise backward strategy, using the criteria for the withdrawal of P > 0.20 model. The level of significance was 5%. The program used was Stata® (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA) 11.0. The main results found were that between 2006 and 2014, overweight, average cost of hospital admission, number of available SUS mammographs, and the HDI were the main factors that influenced the mortality and hospital admission rate of breast cancer in Brazil (Table 1). The model that analyzes the socioeconomic aspects presented better explanatory capacity (r 2 = 0.99) than the models related to T A B L E 1 Correlation of variables with indicators of breast cancer in Brazil Indicator Mortality a Hospital admission rate a r P b r P b Lifestyle Overweight women rate 0.927 <0.001 0.807 0.008 Rate of physically inactive women 0.422 0.257 0.317 0.405 Rate of women with alcohol abuse 0.204 0.597 0.069 0.859 Excessive smoking rate among women −0.698 0.036 −0.669 0.048 Health service Doctors c 0.979 <0.001 0.864 0.002 Beds c −0.935 0.002 −0.871 0.010 Mammographs in SUS c 0.959 <0.001 0.878 0.002 Socioeconomic Human development index 0.994 <0.001 0...

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Section: Correlation Of Variables With Indicators Of Breast Cancer Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for breast cancer mortality: Evidence from Brazil

et al. 2018

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“…The death distribution shown by the sections of the tenth International Classi cation of Diseases is similar to the women's death distribution found in the results of national studies. [8][9][10][11] The higher percentages found for cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and metabolic diseases constitute a familiar scenario to women in the age bracket corresponding to menopause, 26,27 and they are attributed to factors related to lifestyle, such as smoking, alcoholism, excess weight, and high blood pressure. 27 These are frequent habits and concomitant diseases reported during menopause and may occur or aggravate as a result of physiological and progressive hypoestrogenism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the mortality of Brazilian women may contribute to changes in health promotion strategies and to the monitoring of the organization and implementation of public health care policies. [11][12] Thus, our purpose is to identify the main causes of death in climacteric women as well as the mortality trend of such causes, especially after PNAISM implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian National Policy of Comprehensive Women’s Health Care and Mortality during Climacteric Period: Has Anything Changed?

Sorpreso

Figueiredo

Ramos

et al. 2020

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Background: The National Policy for Integral Attention to Women’s Health was implemented more than two decades ago, with the monitoring of potential benefits being explored. One of the life cycles of women contemplated in this health policy is the importance of health care during the climacteric. Prevention and health promotion actions carried out by the Brazil National Health System - Unified Health System and enshrined in health Brazilian policies for women. Thus, our purpose was to identify climacteric women’s main causes of death as well as the mortality trend of such causes, especially after PNAISM implementation. Methods: An ecological study was conducted by Disciplina de Ginecologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo from 2018–2019. Data were retrieved from the Brazilian Health Department by accessing the mortality information system of the National Health Information, divided into periods 1996–2004 and 2005–2006 according to implementation of the National Police. The death records of Brazilian women aged 35 to 64 years who had a diagnosis were retrieved. Trends and differences between periods were evaluated using linear regression. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: The main causes of death in women were circulatory system diseases (29.39%, 736,972 deaths), neoplasms (26.17%, 656,385 deaths), respiratory system diseases (7.29%, 182,812 deaths), endocrine , nutritional and metabolic diseases (6.81%, 170,881 deaths), and external causes of morbidity and mortality (5.49%, 137,674 deaths). Implementation of PNAISM led to a further reduction in mortality from circulatory system diseases (β=-0.58; 95% CI, -0.68 to -0.48; r²=0.93; p<0.001), and any significant changes in neoplasm mortality (β=0.07; 95% CI, -0.01. 0.15; r²=0.22; p=0.070). Conclusions: The leading causes of death during climacteric are circulatory system diseases, neoplasms, respiratory system diseases, nutritional, metabolic, and endocrine diseases, and external causes of morbidity and mortality, with no changes in neoplasms and respiratory system diseases. Thus, the analysis of women’s health indicators, such as mortality rates, is fundamental in order to enable the monitoring of benefits and results related to PNAISM as well as directing the design and implementation of other new health policies to be developed for women.

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“…Public policies and specific health interventions to cardiovascular diseases, especially those focused on Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA), contributed to reduce the mortality due to CVA in Brazilian young adults 41 . We also consider that the prevention of external causes of accidents should be a relevant and current subject in the field of Public Health, as well as for the other Public Safety, Education, Social Promotion and Citizenship Institutions, which will result in decrease of the incidence and mortality due to these group of external causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito, antes e após redução da velocidade média de veículos automotores na cidade de SãoPaulo, Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2016

Leitão

Bezerra

Santos

et al. 2019

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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Introduction:Traffic accidents represent a relevant global public health problem and are associated with behavioral factors, vehicle maintenance, urban space precariousness and traffic surveillance. They are important causes of morbidity and mortality due to the increasing number of vehicles and changes in lifestyle and risk behaviors in the general population.Objective: To analyze mortality numbers due to land transport accidents reported in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, before and after the decline of average speed of motor vehicles. Methods:A study of temporal series was carried out using official database provided by the Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Data was collected according to the type of occurrence and place of residence in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. and 2016). The data was calculated based on plain death rate and standardized, for gender and age group. The measures of mortality were used for the construction of temporal series by the regression model of Prais-Winsten. All the analysis were made through the statistics program Stata 14.0. Results:Reportedly, 7288 deaths occurred due to land accidents in São Paulo, the state's capital, between 2010 and 2016. The higher proportion of deaths happened between men with age between 20-49 years, brownish skin color, marital status single, between 4 e 7 years of study. 72.55% of deaths happened within of hospitals and/ or other health establishments. The deaths ranged 1.200 in 2010 and went down to 779 in 2016. The standard mortality for transport accidents between 2010 and 2016 fluctuated from 10.04 to 6.29 for every 100 thousand inhabitants. Conclusion:There was a decrease in deaths related to traffic accidents in individuals over 20 years of age. After the reduction of the average speed of motor vehicles in the city of São Paulo, the decline in mortality due to traffic accidents was more pronounced among individuals aged 50 years or older, with significant differences for men and women. Why was this study done?The objective of this study was to evaluate traffic accident mortality in the city of São Paulo, before and after the reduction of the average speed of motor vehicles. Thus, the study was done to evaluate the longitudinal effect of intervention of a health policy on mortality due to traffic accidents between men and women and age groups during 2010-2016. What did the researchers do and find?The researchers developed an ecological time-series study using the Prais-Winsten regression model for interrupted time series and segmented regression analysis. This statistical analysis is considered the most effective non-experimental resource to evaluate the longitudinal effect of health interventions. Thus, a reduction in deaths related to traffic accidents was observed in individuals over 20 years of age. After reducing the average speed of motor vehicles in the city of São Paulo, the decline in mortality due to traffic accidents was more pronounced among individuals aged 50 years or more, with differences for men and women. What do these findings mean?...

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Mortality and Incidence of Hospital Admissions for Stroke among Brazilians Aged 15 to 49 Years between 2008 and 2012

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Risk factors for breast cancer mortality: Evidence from Brazil

Risk factors for breast cancer mortality: Evidence from Brazil

Brazilian National Policy of Comprehensive Women’s Health Care and Mortality during Climacteric Period: Has Anything Changed?

Mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito, antes e após redução da velocidade média de veículos automotores na cidade de SãoPaulo, Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2016

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