Mortality and morbidity in a population exposed to multiple sources of air pollution: A retrospective cohort study using air dispersion models

Ancona, Carla; Badaloní, Chiara; Mataloni, Francesca; Bolignano, Andrea; Bucci, Simone; Cesaroni, Giulia; Sozzi, Roberto; Davoli, Marina; Forastiére, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.036

Cited by 81 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We used modelled H 2 S concentrations as an exposure measure of the landfill gases, on the assumption that the pollution from landfills does not spread uniformly around the site but depends on the quantity of incoming waste, the prevailing winds and the orography of the area. 3 Our results for hospitalizations were confirmed when we used distance from the source as the exposure variable instead of modelled H 2 S concentrations. There are, however, several aspects in the exposure assessment process we used that should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Because of the peculiarity of the urban site in Rome (‘Malagrotta’) (where a large landfill, an incinerator of medical wastes, and a petrochemical refinery are located within just a few kilometres of each other 3 ), we repeated the analyses excluding the subjects who live close to the Malagrotta landfill. There were no important changes in the results (See Supplementary Tables 3 ‘Mortality excluding Malagrotta landfill’ and 4 ‘Morbidity excluding Malagrotta landfill’, available as Supplementary data at IJE online).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 A more recent residential cohort study of the same area found that H 2 S exposure from the landfill was related to higher risk of mortality from laryngeal cancer and bladder cancer in women, as well as hospitalizations for cardiorespiratory diseases. 3 Jarup et al . compared cancer incidence (bladder, brain and hepatobiliary cancers and leukaemias) in the population resident within 2 km of 9565 landfills in UK with cancer rates of those who lived more than 2 km away.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 32–34 The model has been already used in other locations to study health effects of waste management. 3 , 17 Another aspect of concern is the use of meteorological parameters that greatly influence the dispersion of the pollutants. We considered the year 2005 as representative of the study area meteorological conditions because there were no particular meteorological anomalies in that year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morbidity and mortality of people who live close to municipal waste landfills: a multisite cohort study

Mataloni¹,

Badaloní²,

Golini³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Epidemiol.

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Background: The evidence on the health effects related to residing close to landfills is controversial. Nine landfills for municipal waste have been operating in the Lazio region (Central Italy) for several decades. We evaluated the potential health effects associated with contamination from landfills using the estimated concentration of hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) as exposure. Methods : A cohort of residents within 5 km of landfills was enrolled (subjects resident on 1 January 1996 and those who subsequently moved into the areas until 2008) and followed for mortality and hospitalizations until 31 December 2012. Assessment of exposure to the landfill (H 2 S as a tracer) was performed for each subject at enrolment, using a Lagrangian dispersion model. Information on several confounders was available (gender, age, socioeconomic position, outdoor PM 10 concentration, and distance from busy roads and industries). Cox regression analysis was performed [Hazard Ratios (HRs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs)]. Results: The cohort included 242 409 individuals. H 2 S exposure was associated with mortality from lung cancer and respiratory diseases (e.g. HR for increment of 1 ng/m 3 H 2 S: 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19; HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.00–1.19, respectively). There were also associations between H 2 S and hospitalization for respiratory diseases (HR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.03), especially acute respiratory infections among children (0–14 years) (HR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.11). Conclusions: Exposure to H 2 S, a tracer of airborne contamination from landfills, was associated with lung cancer mortality as well as with mortality and morbidity for respiratory diseases. The link with respiratory disease is plausible and coherent with previous studies, whereas the association with lung cancer deserves confirmation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morbidity and mortality of people who live close to municipal waste landfills: a multisite cohort study

Mataloni¹,

Badaloní²,

Golini³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Epidemiol.

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“…H 2 S is produced by the anaerobic bacterial breakdown of sulphur‐containing matter and can be found in various natural environments and industrial settings, such as spas, sewers, landfills, waste water plants and oil refineries . Increases in the H 2 S concentration are associated with daily all‐natural‐cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization . However, it is not elucidated whether H 2 S may play a role in the pathophysiology of air pollution‐induced AF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sulphide increases pulmonary veins and atrial arrhythmogenesis with activation of protein kinase C

Chan

Lin

Kao

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), one of the most common toxic air pollutants, is an important aetiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulmonary veins (PVs) and left atrium (LA) are the most important AF trigger and substrate. We investigated whether H2S may modulate the arrhythmogenesis of PVs and atria. Conventional microelectrodes and whole‐cell patch clamp were performed in rabbit PV, sinoatrial node (SAN) or atrial cardiomyocytes before and after the perfusion of NaHS with or without chelerythrine (a selective PKC inhibitor), rottlerin (a specific PKC δ inhibitor) or KB‐R7943 (a NCX inhibitor). NaHS reduced spontaneous beating rates, but increased the occurrences of delayed afterdepolarizations and burst firing in PVs and SANs. NaHS (100 μmol/L) increased IKATP and INCX in PV and LA cardiomyocytes, which were attenuated by chelerythrine (3 μmol/L). Chelerythrine, rottlerin (10 μmol/L) or KB‐R7943 (10 μmol/L) attenuated the arrhythmogenic effects of NaHS on PVs or SANs. NaHS shortened the action potential duration in LA, but not in right atrium or in the presence of chelerythrine. NaHS increased PKC activity, but did not translocate PKC isoforms α, ε to membrane in LA. In conclusion, through protein kinase C signalling, H2S increases PV and atrial arrhythmogenesis, which may contribute to air pollution‐induced AF.

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Long‐term exposure to air pollution and incidence of gastric and the upper aerodigestive tract cancers in a pooled European cohort: The ELAPSE project

Nagel,

Chen,

Jaensch

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Air pollution has been shown to significantly impact human health including cancer. Gastric and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers are common and increased risk has been associated with smoking and occupational exposures. However, the association with air pollution remains unclear. We pooled European subcohorts (N = 287,576 participants for gastric and N = 297,406 for UADT analyses) and investigated the association between residential exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC) and ozone in the warm season (O3w) with gastric and UADT cancer. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area‐level. During 5,305,133 and 5,434,843 person‐years, 872 gastric and 1139 UADT incident cancer cases were observed, respectively. For gastric cancer, we found no association with PM2.5, NO2 and BC while for UADT the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.00–1.33) per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, 1.19 (1.08–1.30) per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2, 1.14 (1.04–1.26) per 0.5 × 10−5 m−1 increase in BC and 0.81 (0.72–0.92) per 10 μg/m3 increase in O3w. We found no association between long‐term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of gastric cancer, while for long‐term exposure to PM2.5, NO2 and BC increased incidence of UADT cancer was observed.

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Mortality and morbidity in a population exposed to multiple sources of air pollution: A retrospective cohort study using air dispersion models

Abstract: We found an association of the pollution sources with some cancer forms and cardio-respiratory diseases. Although there was a high correlation between the estimated exposures, an indication of specific effects from the different sources emerged.

Cited by 81 publications

References 27 publications

Morbidity and mortality of people who live close to municipal waste landfills: a multisite cohort study

Morbidity and mortality of people who live close to municipal waste landfills: a multisite cohort study

Hydrogen sulphide increases pulmonary veins and atrial arrhythmogenesis with activation of protein kinase C

Long‐term exposure to air pollution and incidence of gastric and the upper aerodigestive tract cancers in a pooled European cohort: The ELAPSE project

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