Mortality in Yusho patients exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans: a 50-year retrospective cohort study

Onozuka, Daisuke; Nakamura, Yuko; Tsuji, Gaku; Furue, Masutaka

doi:10.1186/s12940-020-00680-0

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The occurrence of several chronic diseases, such as endocrine dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, liver disorders, and neurological deficits, have been associated with exposure to PCBs [ 33 ]. Moreover, they affect the immune, reproductive, nervous and endocrine systems and are carcinogenic [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Environment: Occupational and Exposure Events, Effects on Human Health and Fertility

Montano

Pironti

Pinto

et al. 2022

Toxics

110

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In the last decade or so, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) garnered renewed attention in the scientific community due to new evidence pointing at their continued presence in the environment and workplaces and the potential human risks related to their presence. PCBs move from the environment to humans through different routes; the dominant pathway is the ingestion of contaminated foods (fish, seafood and dairy products), followed by inhalation (both indoor and outdoor air), and, to a lesser extent, dust ingestion and dermal contact. Numerous studies reported the environmental and occupational exposure to these pollutants, deriving from building materials (flame-retardants, plasticizers, paints, caulking compounds, sealants, fluorescent light ballasts, etc.) and electrical equipment. The highest PCBs contaminations were detected in e-waste recycling sites, suggesting the need for the implementation of remediation strategies of such polluted areas to safeguard the health of workers and local populations. Furthermore, a significant correlation between PCB exposure and increased blood PCB concentrations was observed in people working in PCB-contaminated workplaces. Several epidemiological studies suggest that environmental and occupational exposure to high concentrations of PCBs is associated with different health outcomes, such as neuropsychological and neurobehavioral deficits, dementia, immune system dysfunctions, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In addition, recent studies indicate that PCBs bioaccumulation can reduce fertility, with harmful effects on the reproductive system that can be passed to offspring. In the near future, further studies are needed to assess the real effects of PCBs exposure at low concentrations for prolonged exposure in workplaces and specific indoor environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Environment: Occupational and Exposure Events, Effects on Human Health and Fertility

Montano

Pironti

Pinto

et al. 2022

Toxics

110

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“…Positive associations were suggested for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and breast cancer, but evaluation found limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of PCBs in humans. Notable epidemiological evidence in Japan came from a cohort study of Yusho patients, who experienced a mass food poisoning incident from cooking oil accidentally contaminated with PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and other dioxin-related compounds in 1968: a recent 50-year follow-up study of these patients showed a significant increase in standardized mortality ratio for all cancers, and for lung cancer in men and liver cancer in women [ 30 ]. Blood concentrations of some PCB congeners were approximately 3–4 times higher than in the normal control group even 35 years after exposure [ 31 ].…”

Section: Organochlorine Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to environmental chemicals and cancer risk: epidemiological evidence from Japanese studies

Iwasaki¹,

Itoh

Sawada³

et al. 2023

Genes and Environ

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Exposure to certain chemicals in the environment may contribute to the risk of developing cancer. Although cancer risk from environmental chemical exposure among general populations is considered low compared to that in occupational settings, many people may nevertheless be chronically exposed to relatively low levels of environmental chemicals which vary by such various factors as residential area, lifestyle, and dietary habits. It is therefore necessary to assess population-specific exposure levels and examine their association with cancer risk. Here, we reviewed epidemiological evidence on cancer risk and exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), cadmium, arsenic, and acrylamide. Japanese are widely exposed to these chemicals, mainly through the diet, and an association with increased cancer risk is suspected. Epidemiological evidence from Japanese studies to date does not support a positive association between blood concentrations of DDT, HCH, PCBs, and PFASs and risk of breast or prostate cancer. We established assessment methods for dietary intake of cadmium, arsenic, and acrylamide using a food frequency questionnaire. Overall, dietary intakes of cadmium, arsenic, and acrylamide were not significantly associated with increased risk of total cancer and major cancer sites in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. However, statistically significant positive associations were observed between dietary cadmium intake and risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer among postmenopausal women, and dietary arsenic intake and risk of lung cancer among male smokers. In addition, studies using biomarkers as exposure assessment revealed statistically significant positive associations between urinary cadmium concentration and risk of breast cancer, and between ratio of hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide and risk of breast cancer. Epidemiological studies of general populations in Japan are limited and further evidence is required. In particular, studies of the association of organochlorine and organofluorine compounds with risk of cancer sites other than breast and prostate cancer are warranted, as are large prospective studies of the association between biomarkers of exposure and risk of cancer.

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“…In Japan, there was another considerable polychlorinated hydrocarbon exposure, which led to one of the biggest food poisonings in the world. This event, known as the "Yusho" incident, resulted from the mass contamination of rice bran oil with polychlorinated hydrocarbons [98]. The detrimental effects of chloracnegens are brought about by their immune suppression, carcinogenicity, and endocrine disruption [99].…”

Section: Chloracnementioning

confidence: 99%

Acne-like Eruptions: Disease Features and Differential Diagnosis

et al. 2023

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The term “acne-like eruptions” encompasses a variety of skin conditions resembling acne vulgaris. While both acne-like dermatoses and true acne are frequently observed in clinical settings, differentiating between the two might be challenging. Similar to acne, the lesions of acne-like eruptions may exhibit papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. However, contrary to acne, comedones are uncommon but may still be observed in certain types of acne-like eruptions. Moreover, acne-like eruptions can be differentiated from acne based on their sudden onset, the propensity to occur across all age groups, the monomorphic appearance of lesions, and the distributions extending outside the seborrheic regions. The development of acne-like eruptions cannot be attributed to a single underlying mechanism; nevertheless, various factors such as patient age, infections, occupation, habits, cosmetics, and medications may be involved. The observed lesions may not respond to standard acne therapy, necessitating that treatment strategies are tailored in accordance with the identified causative agents. The following review aims to outline distinct entities of acne-like eruptions and present features that set them apart from true acne. Acne-like eruptions in the adult population, infectious diseases resembling acne, and acne-like eruptions resulting from exposure to chemical and physical agents are addressed in this paper. An understanding of the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of this group of dermatoses is pivotal for a precise diagnosis and provision of appropriate care.

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Mortality in Yusho patients exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans: a 50-year retrospective cohort study

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Environment: Occupational and Exposure Events, Effects on Human Health and Fertility

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Environment: Occupational and Exposure Events, Effects on Human Health and Fertility

Exposure to environmental chemicals and cancer risk: epidemiological evidence from Japanese studies

Acne-like Eruptions: Disease Features and Differential Diagnosis

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