Mortality of globally threatened Sarus cranes Grus antigon from monocrotophos poisoning in India

Pain, Debbie; Gargi, Raut; Cunningham, A. A.; Jones, Ainsley; Prakash, Vibhu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.12.004

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In India, there are reports involving poisoning of wildlife with other OPC compounds like phosphamidon, malathion and monocrotophos (Gureja et al 2002;Arora 2003;Pain et al 2004). However, a search of literature reveals that use of phorate in incidences of poisoning of wild animals in general and large carnivores in particular has not been reported…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary phorate poisoning of large carnivores in India

et al. 2010

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India, with its huge human population and fragmented wildlife habitat, is plagued with human-animal conflicts. In conflict areas, large carnivores are often primary targets for malicious poisoning. The effects of certain poisons do not stop with the target animal but also affects other species of wildlife in the form of secondary poisoning. This paper describes incidences of secondary poisoning of a tiger (Panthera tigris) and a black panther (melanistic Panthera pardus) in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Wild boars (Sus scrofa), which are considered pests in horticultural plantations, were the primary targets in both cases and were poisoned using phorate, a highly toxic organophosphorus compound. Tigers and leopards hold significant position in the upper most trophic level of the ecological pyramid and are grouped in schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of India. The tiger, as a species, is currently waging a grim battle of survival in the wild. The world over, leopard populations are also dwindling. The implications of the death of these endangered apex predators due to the increase in population of the ubiquitous wild boars are analysed. The merits of introducing a policy of selective culling of wild boars in conflict areas are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary phorate poisoning of large carnivores in India

et al. 2010

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“…Muralidharan (1993) attributed aldrin for the mortality of 18 Sarus Cranes and a few granivorous birds in Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur. Pain et al (2004) reported monocrotophos to be the culprit chemical for the death of 15 Sarus Cranes again in Bharatpur. Death of 58 aquatic birds comprising six species of water birds has been reported in Okhla Bird Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh (Sundar 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Various Tissues of Waterbirds in Nalabana Bird Sanctuary, Chilika Lake, Orissa, India

Dhananjayan¹

2012

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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In order to understand whether organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are responsible for the mortality of waterbirds in Nalaban bird sanctuary in Chilika Lake, the current investigation was carried out in tissues of 11 individuals comprising 7 species of birds. One or more residues were detected in all the tissues of birds analysed. Concentration of ∑HCH, ∑DDT, and ∑PCBs were ranged from below detectable level (BDL)-811 ng/g, BDL-1,987 ng/g and BDL-1,027 ng/g respectively. PCBs levels were less than the food and drug administration's (FDA) action limits. Although varying levels of residues were detected among tissues, they do not appear to be responsible for the mass mortality of waterfowl. However, the need for additional research is heightened when considering that some of the birds are classified as a globally protected species by the international bodies.

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“…The mean weight of adult red-crowned cranes is 6-11 kg and the average daily food consumption is 324.3 g (Ma and Li, 2002;Dong et al, 2005). Because of a lack of information regarding the relative sensitivity of red-crowned cranes to mycotoxins, the 50% lethal doses (LD 50 ) of other birds were referenced here to assess the possibility of acute toxicity in these cranes (Pain et al, 2004). Toxin concentrations leading to acute toxicity are presented in Table 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential natural exposure of endangered red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) to mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, and ochratoxin A

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:A survey was conducted to determine whether mycotoxins were present in the foods consumed by red-crowned cranes (Grus japonensis) in the Yancheng Biosphere Reserve, China. Collected in the reserve's core, buffer, and experimental zones during overwintering periods of 2013 to 2015, a total of 113 food samples were analyzed for aflatoxin B 1 , deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, and ochratoxin A using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The contamination incidences vary among different zones and the mycotoxins levels of different food samples also presented disparity. Average mycotoxin concentration from rice grain was greater than that from other food types. Among mycotoxin-positive samples, 59.3% were simultaneously contaminated with more than one toxin. This study demonstrated for the first time that red-crowned cranes were exposed to mycotoxins in the Yancheng Biosphere Reserve and suggested that artificial wetlands could not be considered good habitats for the birds in this reserve, especially rice fields.

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Mortality of globally threatened Sarus cranes Grus antigon from monocrotophos poisoning in India

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Secondary phorate poisoning of large carnivores in India

Secondary phorate poisoning of large carnivores in India

Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Various Tissues of Waterbirds in Nalabana Bird Sanctuary, Chilika Lake, Orissa, India

Potential natural exposure of endangered red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) to mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, and ochratoxin A

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