Mortality Patterns in Dairy Animals under Organized Herd Management Conditions at Karnal India

Prasad, Shiv; Ramachandran, N.; Raju, Saraswati

doi:10.1023/b:trop.0000042855.58026.bd

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several herd-level risk factors for mortality have been identified, such as herd size, herd management, SCC and milk yield [5][6][7]. Mortality patterns in organized dairy herds serve as a useful indicator for assessing the status of herd health and the efficacy of management programs [8]. A rise in mortality among a group of cattle can indicate suboptimal health and welfare [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dairy cattle mortality in an organized herd in Bangladesh

Hossain¹,

Islam²,

Kamal³

et al. 2014

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: Materials and Methods:Results: Conclusions:Keywords:The present study was conducted to find out the causes and factors affecting the dairy cattle mortality.A retrospective study of dairy cattle mortality on the Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm (CCBDF) in Bangladesh was carried out between 1992 and 2007. Sixteen years of data on mortality of dairy cattle were analyzed for the effects of year, season, age, sex, breed, and etiology on mortality rate.The average overall mortality rate was 5.60% and on average, female cattle (55.71%) were found to die more than males (44.29%). Mortality was more in crossbred cattle than in indigenous breed. Higher mortality of cattle was observed in rainy season (37.98%) followed by winter (33.03%) and summer (28.99%). The major causes of death were diseases of the respiratory tract, mainly pneumonia (39.91%). Tuberculosis was the second most common cause of mortality accounting for 20.58% of deaths. The other major cause of death was disease of the alimentary tract, mainly enteritis (15.58%). Other causes of death occurred in the following frequencies: malnutrition (5.91%), debility (4.43%), hairball (3.35%), tympanitis (2.56%), babesiosis (2.27%), internal haemorrhage (2.16%), black quarter (1.76%), and foot and mouth disease (1.48%).Of the four potential risk factors investigated, age was the most important factor and significantly associated with mortality. During the first month of life, calves had a higher risk of mortality than adults. mortality. Bangladesh, dairy cattle,

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cattle mortality was shown to be the major cause of economic losses on a dairy farm in Bangladesh [11]. Therefore, reductions in morbidity and mortality rate are the first and foremost targets of dairy farm management [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy cattle mortality in an organized herd in Bangladesh

Hossain¹,

Islam²,

Kamal³

et al. 2014

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The median mortality rate of 13.8% was higher than for dairy cows on farms in Western countries, in which it ranges between 1% and 5% [63]. There are only limited data about mortality rates of dairy cattle in India from single states, ranging from 4-20% [64][65][66]. There are no other estimates of mortality rates in shelter cattle for comparison, but it is expected that it would be higher than in dairy farms as most of the sheltered cattle are old, debilitated and infirm.…”

Section: Cow Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 95%

The Management of Cow Shelters (Gaushalas) in India, Including the Attitudes of Shelter Managers to Cow Welfare

Sharma

Schuetze

Phillips

2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gaushala management is a specialized profession requiring particular skills relating to the management of cow shelters or gaushalas, which are traditional and ancient Indian institutions that shelter old, unproductive and abandoned cows, The 1800 registered cow shelters in India have managers who are important stakeholders in the management of cows in these unique institutions. It is important to survey the routine management of these shelters and attitudes of the managers towards cow welfare to identify the constraints and welfare issues. We visited 54 shelters in six states of India for a face-to-face structured interview of the managers. Quantitative data collection included questions on demographics, routine management operations, protocols followed in the shelters and attitudes of the managers towards cow welfare. All shelters except one were managed by males, half of them were in the age range of 45–65 years, were university graduates or post-graduates, with 5–15 years shelter management experience, and with the majority having lived in rural areas for most of their lives. Each shelter housed a median of 232 cattle were housed, out of which 13 were lactating cows. The majority of managers vaccinated their animals against endemic diseases like foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia and black quarter (gangraena emphysematosa) and administered endo-and ectoparasiticidal treatments, however, hardly any screened the cattle for brucellosis and tuberculosis. Only 17% of the shelters had in house veterinarians and most cows died of old age, with an annual mortality rate of 14%. The majority of the shelters allowed the cows to reproduce. Access to pasture was available in only 41% of the shelters, while most allowed some access to yards. Most (57%) had limited biosecurity measures, but 82% of the shelters disposed of the carcasses by deep burial on their own premises or through the municipality, with 18% disposing of them in open spaces or nearby creeks. About one half of the shelters maintained records of the protocols followed routinely. Charitable societies ran half of the shelters, mostly through public donations, with accounts audited regularly. Most managers thought that shelter cows’ welfare was important and that they should attempt to improve it. They were less in agreement that their knowledge of animal welfare was adequate. Local support, more moral than financial, was recognized more than government support. Managers perceived cow welfare as important from a religious perspective, citing the mother god and caring for abandoned animals as frequent themes in their definition of cow welfare. Caring for animals, mother and goddess were key elements in managers’ perception of animal welfare. The recommendations arising from this survey include that the shelter managers should be involved in the decision-making process for the welfare of cows in shelters, which is vital for the sustainability of these unique institutions. Welfare could be improved by strict compliance with biosecurity measures and disease surveillance protocols, avoidance of unrestricted reproduction in cows and separation of males and females.

show abstract

“…More cows suffered from parturient disorders during winter, followed by summer, and rainy seasons. Seasons, however, appeared to have no major effect on mortality rate in adult zebu cattle (Prasad et al 2004), owing perhaps to their innate tolerance to extremes of tropical temperature and humidity. Pre‐implantation zebu embryos are less vulnerable to elevated temperature than are embryos from European breeds (Hansen 2004).…”

Section: Conservation Of Zebu Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum Ovarian Activity in South Asian Zebu Cattle

Brar

Nanda

2008

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Timely onset of postpartum ovarian activity is vital for optimal reproductive performance of dairy cows. Much depends upon genetic constitution of an animal although several factors interplay to govern the onset of postpartum ovarian activity. South Asian zebu cattle have much longer service period when compared with other exotic or crossbred cattle reared in the same Asian environment, which suggests differences in their genetic makeup. However, the cows with same genetic configuration expressed better reproductive potential when reared under different environment, such as in Brazil and Mexico, which suggests the role of extrinsic factors such as management, nutrition, environment and disease conditions. Better management of animals (provision of proper shade, water and housing, efficient oestrous detection and timely insemination), good quality nutrition supplemented with appropriate minerals and vitamins, prevention of diseases (vaccination, deworming, suitable therapeutic interventions) and application of biotechnology have helped in improving postpartum ovarian activity and, therefore, reproductive performance of zebu cattle in Asia. No comprehensive study appears to have been carried out on the various aspects of reproduction in zebu cattle reared under South Asian socio-agro-climatic conditions. This paper is a modest effort to collect what ever information available and to critically review the postpartum ovarian activity in zebu cattle with special reference to the effect of the various managemental practices and pharmacological interventions.

show abstract

Mortality Patterns in Dairy Animals under Organized Herd Management Conditions at Karnal India

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Dairy cattle mortality in an organized herd in Bangladesh

Dairy cattle mortality in an organized herd in Bangladesh

The Management of Cow Shelters (Gaushalas) in India, Including the Attitudes of Shelter Managers to Cow Welfare

Postpartum Ovarian Activity in South Asian Zebu Cattle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About