Mortality patterns of New York State Vietnam Veterans.

Lawrence, Claire; Reilly, Alexander; Quickenton, P.; Greenwald, Peter; Page, William F.; Kuntz, Amy J.

doi:10.2105/ajph.75.3.277

Cited by 55 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…The absence of a significant excess of deaths due to external causes among this Vietnam cohort is inconsistent with other Vietnam veteran studies. [Anderson et al, 1986;Bailey et al, 1986;Breslin et al, 1988;Bullman et al, 1990;CDC, 1987;Fett et al, 1987;Kogan and Clapp, 1985;Lawrence et al, 1985;Thomas and Kang, 1990;Watanabe et al, 1991;Watanabe and Kang, 1995]. The Army Chemical Corps personnel served in a support capacity, and in Vietnam they were not considered to be engaged in ''combat'' activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality among Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans

Dalager

Kang

1997

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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Army Chemical Corps personnel who served in Vietnam were among those service personnel with the greatest potential for exposure to herbicides. An earlier evaluation of the mortality experience of 894 Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans found a statistically significant excess risk of dying from digestive disease, primarily due to cirrhosis of the liver, and from motor vehicle accidents. That study was expanded to include 2,872 Vietnam veterans who served with the Army Chemical Corps and a comparison cohort of 2,737 veterans who never served in Southeast Asia but who did serve in the same occupational category. The results of the analysis comparing the Vietnam cohort to the non‐Vietnam cohort support the earlier finding of a significant excess of deaths from digestive diseases (adjusted relative risk (RR) = 3.88, 95% C.I. = 1.12–13.45) primarily due to liver cirrhosis. Non‐significant elevated relative risks were observed for all cancers combined, digestive and respiratory systems cancers, skin cancer, lymphopoietic cancers, and respiratory system diseases. Compared to the mortality rates in the general population, the non‐Vietnam Army Chemical Corps veterans had a statistically significant deficit in mortality from all causes combined, which is consistent with a ‘healthy selection bias’ seen among military populations (SMR = 0.79, 95% C.I. = 0.66–0.94). For the Vietnam veterans, patterns of elevated but nonsignificant SMRs persisted for diseases of the digestive and respiratory systems and for selected cancer sites. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31:719–726, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality among Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans

Dalager

Kang

1997

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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“…Other studies of Vietnam veterans have not suggested excess risk for leukemia, brain cancer, or Hodgkin's disease [Anderson et al, 1986;Breslin et al, 1988;CDC, 1987;Fett et al, 1987;Lawrence et al, 1985;Wolfe et al, 19891. Since Army Chemical Corps veterans could have been exposed to numerous chemicals, these results cannot necessarily be attributed to exposure to any single agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have raised concerns regarding a possible association between occupational exposure to phenoxy-herbicides and soft tissue sarcoma and nonHodgkin's lymphoma [Eriksson, et al, 1981;Hardell et al, 1981;Hardell and Sandstrom, 1979;Hoar et al, 19861; however, to date, most studies of Vietnam veterans have shown no increased cancer risks [Anderson, et al, 1986;CDC, 1987;Fett et al, 1987;Greenwald et al, 1984;Kang et al, 1986Kang et al, , 1987Lawrence et al, 1985;Wolfe et al, 19891. Increased relative frequencies of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and lung cancer were suggested among U.S. Marine Corps Vietnam veterans compared to Marines who did not serve in Vietnam in one study [Breslin et al, 19881, but further analyses suggested that this finding was an artifact of the methodology and the small size of the comparison group [Watanabe, personal communication, 19901.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and morbidity among army chemical corps Vietnam Veterans: A preliminary report

Thomas¹,

Kang²

1990

American J Industrial Med

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Nearly 1,000 men serving in Army Chemical Corps units in Vietnam between 1965 and 1971 were responsible for the mixing and application of herbicides, riot control substances, and burning agents. Information on Vietnam service was obtained from military records of 94% of this cohort. Follow-up for vital status on December 31, 1987, was conducted using Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), military, National Death Index, U.S. Internal Revenue Service, and Social Security Administration records. Cause-specific observed numbers of deaths among the 894 men included in the study group were compared with the numbers expected based on rates for U.S. men, adjusting for race, age, and calendar period. Fifty-three deaths from all causes were observed during the study period, compared to 48.8 expected (SMR = 1.09). There were statistically significant excesses of digestive disease deaths (SMR = 2.98), primarily due to cirrhosis, and from motor vehicle accidents (SMR = 2.00). Two deaths were observed from leukemia (0.5 expected) and two from brain cancer (0.4 expected). A total of 257 of the study subjects had received VA inpatient care or Agent Orange registry medical examinations during the study period. Two of these subjects had confirmed diagnoses of Hodgkin's disease (expected = 0.7) and one of hairy cell leukemia. Because of the small study group size and the lack of specificity of information regarding their exposures, these results cannot be attributed to any single chemical agent.

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“…In particular, the Ranch Hand study did not show an increase in these tumors, 62 nor did a study of 33,833 Army and Marine Vietnam veterans, 19 the Selected Cancers Study, 16 a case-control study of 283 Vietnam-era veterans with Hodgkin disease, 68 or studies of veterans in Michigan, 29 New York, 26 or other states. However, Hodgkin disease was linked to phenoxy herbicide and chlorophenol exposure in one case-control study in Sweden, 64,69 and another yielded similar results, although without statistical significance.…”

Section: Hodgkin Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Agent Orange and Cancer: An Overview for Clinicians

Frumkin

2003

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

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Approximately 3 million Americans served in the armed forces in Vietnam during the Vietnam War. Some of them (as well as some Vietnamese combatants and civilians, and members of the armed forces of other nations) were exposed to defoliant mixtures, including Agent Orange. Evidence suggests some lasting health effects from these exposures, including certain cancers. This article reviews the evidence on cancer risk after Agent Orange exposure.Data sources include studies of Vietnam veterans, workers occupationally exposed to herbicides or dioxins (since dioxins contaminated the herbicide mixtures used in Vietnam), and Vietnamese populations. The article then reviews clinical issues that arise when caring for cancer patients who may have sustained Agent Orange exposure, or others concerned about such exposure to Agent Orange, such as available benefits programs and sources of information and counseling. (CA Cancer J Clin 2003;53:245-255.)

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Mortality patterns of New York State Vietnam Veterans.

Cited by 55 publications

References 1 publication

Mortality among Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans

Mortality among Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans

Mortality and morbidity among army chemical corps Vietnam Veterans: A preliminary report

Agent Orange and Cancer: An Overview for Clinicians

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