Mortality Risk in Selenium-Deficient HIV-Positive Children

Campa, Adriana; Shor‐Posner, Gail; Indacochea, Fernando J.; Zhang, Guoyan; Li, Hong; Asthana, Deshratn; Scott, Gwendolyn B.; Baum, Marianna K.

doi:10.1097/00042560-199904150-00015

Cited by 163 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…b From generalized estimating equations using a working binomial distribution and a log link function. risk elevations are lower, however, than risk elevations reported in a US study among 24 HIV-infected children, in which low plasma selenium levels (r85 mg/l) were associated with a six-fold increased mortality risk (Campa et al, 1999). The fact that our study population was considerably younger at enrollment (median age 10.5 weeks vs 4.2 y in the US study) may partly account for the differences observed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Observational studies from the US among HIV-infected children suggest that low selenium levels are associated with impaired anthropometric and immunological status (Miller et al, 1993), faster HIV disease progression (Campa et al, 1999), and increased risk of mortality (Campa et al, 1999). However, it is not clear whether these findings apply to sub-Saharan Africa, the region most deeply afflicted with the AIDS epidemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium levels in relation to morbidity and mortality among children born to HIV-infected mothers

et al. 2005

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Objective: To examine the relation between selenium status and child mortality and morbidity among children born to HIVinfected mothers. Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Study participants were originally part of a trial to study the effect of maternal vitamin supplements on maternal and child health outcomes. Morbidity information was collected during monthly clinic visits until the child reached 24 months of age. Out of 984 livebirths, 806 had morbidity information, and 610 also had data on plasma selenium levels available. Setting: A study clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, a tertiary-care hospital. Results: The median age at baseline was 10.5 weeks. A total of 117 (19%) of the 610 study children died during follow-up. In a multivariate model, child plasma selenium levels were inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortality (P-value, test for trend ¼ 0.05). Plasma selenium levels were not significantly associated with risk of diarrhea or respiratory outcomes. Conclusions: Among infants born to HIV-infected women in sub-Saharan Africa, selenium status may be important to prevent child mortality. These preliminary findings warrant future reexamination.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium levels in relation to morbidity and mortality among children born to HIV-infected mothers

et al. 2005

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“…In HIV-infected children, low levels of plasma Se were significantly and independently related to mortality (RR 5.96, 95%CI 1.32-26.81; P = 0.02) and faster disease progression. 20 Se also appears to be protective in subjects infected with hepatitis-virus (B or C) against the progression of the condition to liver cancer (see section on Cancer). 21,22 It is notable that viruses may be capable of hijacking the Se supply of the host by incorporating Se into viral selenoproteins thereby reducing the ability of the host to mount an effective immune response.…”

Section: Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of selenium to human health

2000

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“…Yu et al (63) , Bjelakovic et al (64) In US patients with relatively low Se status (plasma Se < 85 mg/l) HIV infection progresses more rapidly to AIDS with higher mortality Baum et al (65) , Campa et al (66) In a Tanzanian observational study of 949 HIV-positive pregnant women mortality decreases with increase in plasma Se ( > 85 mg/l) over 5-year follow-up period Kupka et al (67) Cancer Inverse relationship between crop and human Se status and cancer incidence in North America…”

Section: Antiviral Effects and Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symposium on ‘Geographical and geological influences on nutrition’ Factors controlling the distribution of selenium in the environment and their impact on health and nutrition

2009

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Se is essential to human and animal health but can be toxic in excess. An interest in its geochemistry has developed alongside a greater understanding of its function in a number of health conditions. Geology exerts a strong control on the Se status of the surface environment; low-Se rock-types (0·05–0·09 mg Se/kg) make up the majority of rocks occurring at the Earth's surface, which in turn account for the generally low levels of Se in most soils. However, there are exceptions such as associations with sulfide mineralisation and in some types of sedimentary rocks (e.g. black shales) in which contents of Se can be much higher. Baseline geochemical data now enable a comparison to be made between environmental and human Se status, although a direct link is only likely to be seen if the population is dependent on the local environment for sustenance. This situation is demonstrated with an example from the work of the British Geological Survey in the Se-deficiency belt of China. The recent fall in the daily dietary Se intake in the UK is discussed in the context of human Se status and declining use of North American wheat in bread making. Generally, US wheat has ten times more Se than UK wheat, attributed to the fact that soils from the wheat-growing belt of America are more enriched in Se to a similar order of magnitude. In agriculture effective biofortification of crops with Se-rich fertilisers must be demonstrably safe to the environment and monitored appropriately and baseline geochemical data will enable this process to be done with confidence.

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Mortality Risk in Selenium-Deficient HIV-Positive Children

Abstract: In pediatric HIV-infection, low plasma level of selenium is an independent predictor of mortality, and appears to be associated with faster disease progression.

Cited by 163 publications

References 20 publications

Selenium levels in relation to morbidity and mortality among children born to HIV-infected mothers

Selenium levels in relation to morbidity and mortality among children born to HIV-infected mothers

The importance of selenium to human health

Symposium on ‘Geographical and geological influences on nutrition’ Factors controlling the distribution of selenium in the environment and their impact on health and nutrition

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