Mortar Characteristics for Reinforcement of Ancient Tomb Murals Using Oyster Shells

Lee, Hwa Soo; Yu, Yeong Gyeong; Han, Kyeong Soon

doi:10.12654/jcs.2018.34.4.05

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This is an important point, as Romanization of site names can be inconsistent across publications: e.g. 乾骨崖 can be spelled as Ganguya [18 , 119] or Ganguai [7] ; and 순흥 벽화 고분 was spelled as Sunhung Mural Tomb in one study [101] , and as Sunheung Mural Tomb in others [125 , 126] . By providing bibliographic information and site names in its original language, users of this dataset should be able to locate the original publication(s) regarding particular site(s), or to pursue more information on particular site(s) beyond the references provided here.…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collagen stable isotope data from East and Northeast Asia, c. 7000 BC–1000 AD

Cheung

2021

Data in Brief

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Stable isotope analysis is routinely used in archaeology to answer questions related to past diets. As the technique matures, data from archaeological sites have been generated at an exponential rate over the past several decades, thus provided an invaluable opportunity to examine past dietary practices and subsistence economies in much larger geographical and temporal settings. In Asia, a significant proportion of isotopic data is published in non-English journals or in grey literature, therefore remains largely inaccessible to general researchers. In order to provide easier access to these data, and to encourage future large-scale meta-data analyses in Asia, this collection presents the most comprehensive set of collagen stable isotope data of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur from East and Northeast Asia (29–51˚N, 96–136˚ E) to date, including sites located within the modern territories of the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, the Russian Federation, and the Republic of Korea. Using academic search engines such as Google Scholar, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and ScienceON, a total of 3,304 previously published archaeological human and faunal stable isotope data from 136 archaeological sites in East and Northeast Asia, spanning over a period of 8,000 years (c. 7000 BC to AD 1000) are collected. The collated data are deposited on the open-access platform IsoArcH ( https://isoarch.eu/ ) for any interested parties to use.

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Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collagen stable isotope data from East and Northeast Asia, c. 7000 BC–1000 AD

Cheung

2021

Data in Brief

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“…pISSN 1225-7281 eISSN 2288-7962 자원환경지질, 제56권, 제6호, 899-909, 2023 (Song et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2022). 탄산칼슘 성분의 전통재료는 회화문화유산 뿐 아니라 고대 벽화의 바탕재로 확인되며 (Lee and Han, 2006), 성곽 등의 건축물의 결합재 및 마감재로 사용되었다. 탄산칼슘이 주성분인 원료 중 조개껍질, 즉 패각의 경 우 삼면이 바다로 둘러싸인 우리나라에서는 흔하게 얻을 수 있는 자원이다.…”

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Characteristics Evaluation of Hobun Pigments according to Shell Types and Calcination

Park,

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2023

Econ. Environ. Geol.

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In this study, the material scientific characteristics of Hobun pigments used as white inorganic pigment for traditional cultural heritage were identified according to the type of shell and calcination and evaluated the stability of the preservation environment. For the purpose of this, we collected 2 different types of Hobun pigments made by oyster and clam shell and its calcined products(at 1,150℃). Hobun pigments before calcined identified calcium carbonate such as calcite, aragonite but calcination derived changing main composition to portlandite and calcite. Results of FE-SEM showed characteristics microstructure for each shell but pigments after calcined observed porous structure. Porous granule highly caused oil adsorption according to increase specific surface area of pigments. In addition, the whiteness improved after calcined pigments compared to non-calcined pigments, and the color improvement rate of Hobun pigment (CS) which made of clam shell was higher. As a result of the accelerated weathering test, the Hobun pigmentcolored specimen had a color difference value of less than 2 after the test, which was difficult to recognize with the naked eye. In particular, the color stability has improved as the color difference value of the Hobun pigment is smaller after calcined compared to before non-calcined pigment. However, it was confirmed that the stability of the painting layer was lower in the specimen after calcined pigment. For antifungal activity test, Aspergillus niger, Tyromyces palustris and Trametes versicolor were used as test fungi, and all pigments were found to have preventive and protective effects against fungi. Especially, the antifungal effect of the calcined pigment was excellent, which is due to the stronger basicity of the pigment.

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Preparation of Highly Crystalline Nano Ca(OH)₂and Its Comparative Assessment with Commonly Used Materials for the Protection of Wall Paintings

Zhao,

Ding,

Guo

et al. 2024

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Due to the ecocompatibility with carbonate‐based substrates, Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles are currently used for cultural heritage conservation such as wall paintings. However, the nano Ca(OH)2 still suffers from different forms and poor uniformity, limiting its application potential. Also, there is a lack of systematic comparative studies between nano Ca(OH)2 and the commonly used wall painting reinforcement materials. In this study, homogeneous hexagonal nano Ca(OH)2 particles with a size of ≈100 nm are successfully prepared through the convenient chemical liquid phase method and by utilizing surfactants to control the growth. The resulting nano Ca(OH)2 is less agglomerated and has superior crystalline morphology, prolonged suspension time, and more suitable carbonation time in comparison to commercial Ca(OH)2 materials. Additionally, the reinforcement effect of the resulting nano‐Ca(OH)2 with that of the commonly used pigment layer reinforcement materials such as AC33, B72, Tetraethyl orthosilicate, WPU (Waterborne polyurethane) and commercial Ca(OH)2 is systematically compared. The synthesized nano Ca(OH)2 penetrated wall painting blocks to a depth of 683 µm, three times deeper than commercial Ca(OH)2, achieving moderate color deviation, higher flexural strength (0.529 MPa), and bond strength (1.105 mg cm−2), thus highlighting its potential in wall painting reinforcement and expanding its application scope.

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Mortar Characteristics for Reinforcement of Ancient Tomb Murals Using Oyster Shells

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Collagen stable isotope data from East and Northeast Asia, c. 7000 BC–1000 AD

Collagen stable isotope data from East and Northeast Asia, c. 7000 BC–1000 AD

Characteristics Evaluation of Hobun Pigments according to Shell Types and Calcination

Preparation of Highly Crystalline Nano Ca(OH)₂and Its Comparative Assessment with Commonly Used Materials for the Protection of Wall Paintings

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Mortar Characteristics for Reinforcement of Ancient Tomb Murals Using Oyster Shells

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Collagen stable isotope data from East and Northeast Asia, c. 7000 BC–1000 AD

Collagen stable isotope data from East and Northeast Asia, c. 7000 BC–1000 AD

Characteristics Evaluation of Hobun Pigments according to Shell Types and Calcination

Preparation of Highly Crystalline Nano Ca(OH)2and Its Comparative Assessment with Commonly Used Materials for the Protection of Wall Paintings

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Preparation of Highly Crystalline Nano Ca(OH)₂and Its Comparative Assessment with Commonly Used Materials for the Protection of Wall Paintings